Award Data

Traditional cyber-security methods are inadequate to address the increasing number of threats within larger and higher-performance networks. The U.S. Computer Emergency Readiness Team (US-CERT), the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of the Chief Information Officer (CIO), and many other organizations report consistent failures within thes ...

High performance network users are frequently unable to achieve adequate throughput when transferring large files across wide-area networks. In general, such poor file transfer performance over ¿long fat networks¿ (LFN) is primarily caused by limitations in transport protocols and network stack configurations on end-system hosts. In addition, some traditional file transfer applications have in ...

There is a need for improved collaboration between and within groups of network operators and users. At present, a variety of tools exist to share network health and status between domains, reserve resources across multiple networks, and remotely access computing and storage resources. However, no unified environment exists that combines these tools into a single, easy-to-use framework. Further ...

In order to enable the efficient use of high performance networks, the DOE has invested substantial resources in the development of next-generation network provisioning systems. For example, the DOE-funded tool, On-demand Secure Circuits and Advanced Reservation System (OSCARS), enables users to dynamically provision network paths with Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees. Additional work is requ ...

Enhanced Geothermal Systems technology is capable of providing up to 100 billion watts of electricity within 50 years, by utilizing the United States¿ abundant, clean, renewable geothermal resources. In order to exploit this energy in a cost-effective manner, and thereby establish it as economically competitive, diagnostic-while-drilling tools must be used. However, these tools, which must acc ...

Web searching has become a ubiquitous and indispensable activity for a wide spectrum of human endeavors. The success of search engines, such as Google, and meta-search engines, such as Science.gov has been built, to a large extent and on an unprecedented scale, upon costly hardware, software, and network infrastructures. Many desirable meta-search and discovery applications ¿ e.g., providing ac ...

With concerns over climate change, national security threats stemming from dependence on foreign oil, and economic dislocation as the global economy adjusts to the end of cheap petroleum, companies and consumers are seeking alternatives to gasoline. Although ethanol produced from renewable cellulosic biomass provides an attractive alternative, the inherent complexity of biomass material has preve ...

65892 High power applications typically use power converters that are large, expensive, difficult to control, and present significant engineering challenges as power density and power capacity increase. Gate Turn Off thyristor systems, including variants that utilize Emitter Turn Off thyristors and Integrated Gate Commutated thyristors, exhibit slow switching speeds, have poor reverse bias s ...

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65177 Remote sensing is required for the measurement of sequestered carbon in heavily wooded areas. Airborne or satellite borne radar measurement systems would be preferred due to their ability to cover large areas rapidly and be used in all weather conditions, both day and night. However, existing airborne and satellite radar sensor systems have frequencies above 400 MHz, which cannot penet ...