Award Data

75488-Pulsed ion sources are used in a variety of applications from heavy ion fusion to space propulsion. In order to optimize the ion beams that are produced, it is necessary to have a very high degree of reproducibility from pulse to pulse. Liquid metal ion sources have been shown to provide beams with extremely low noise and no significant charge state variation; however, the useful emitter c ...

75521-Radio frequency (rf) cavities are a key component in particle accelerators for fundamental high-energy physics research and medical applications. To enhance their capabilities, niobium coated, superconducting copper cavities have shown promise for supporting higher electric field gradients, compared to non-superconducting designs. However, a satisfactory coating method has not been develop ...

75903-Neutron radiography, which uses nuclear reactors and accelerators as sources of neutrons, has been demonstrated to be an excellent method for imaging high-density, thick objects for the detection of corrosion, voids, and cracks, particular in nuclear power plants. Unfortunately, no high brightness neutron sources exist that are portable, inexpensive and capable of neutron radiography in sho ...

72181-Current and proposed Nuclear Physics (NP) experiments require very accurate measurement of very short-lived phenomena at a very large number of very close measurement locations. Available data acquisition systems use currently available analog-to-digital converter (ADC) technologies, which cannot be packed densely enough to extract all of the available information from these experiments. C ...

76023-Among the contributors to atmospheric pollution, carboxylic acids (including mono- and dicarboxylic acids, aliphatic ketoacids, and aromatic acids) are an important class of oxygenated, organic compounds in atmospheric aerosols. To better understand their sources and atmospheric transformation processes, an automated method for measuring their concentration is required. This project will d ...

The objective of the proposed project is to demonstrate the feasibility and military utility of employing a BLU-109 penetrator munition filled with an optimized load of Kinetic Fireball Incendiaries to neutralize biological and chemical agents that are stored in hardened bunkers. These innovative, self-propelled Fireballs, based on state-of-the art solid rocket propellant, are also capable of cau ...

76223-The energy requirements of the United States and the world, with over 2 billion people without electricity, are increasing each year. In addition, environmental problems resulting from the use of present energy sources also are increasing. In 2003, total US energy consumption was 95 quadrillion Btu with over 26 percent imported from other countries, a major contributor to our foreign trade ...

76205-Before hydrogen fuel can be economically produced by the bacterial fermentation of sugars and carbohydrates, increases in both the rate and yield of the process are required. Current processes exhibit modest rates and yields, which are only about one fourth that of competitive ethanol fuel fermentations. The target cost requirement is $1.50/kg hydrogen. This project will demonstrate that ...

75544-Contemporary high performance data networks, such as those in the DOE science environment, carry a wide range of multimedia data services which require outstanding Quality of Service (QoS) tools to provide performance guarantees. With the advent of Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) network standards, QoS performance has been making significant progresses. However, attention has turned ...

73071-Existing and planned neutron facilities, such as the Spallation Neutron Source, generate pulses of cold neutrons for materials research. The efficiency of the beam line components, which convert the fast neutrons to a cold neutron beam, determines the usefulness of the facility. Existing solid methane moderators have a high efficiency, but they can¿t be scaled to work on planned high powe ...