Award Data

The DOE needs a single-polarization mode-locked high-power 2-micron fiber laser for an advanced laser electron accelerator. The 2-micron laser wavelength allows for larger accelerator dimensions and the acceleration of more charge, compared to the 0.8 micron Ti:Sapphire laser. The other advantage of a 2-micron wavelength is the possibility of using silicon as opposed to quartz as a material for ...

The DOE needs long-wave infrared transmitting optical fiber to support remote sensing systems for the detection of nuclear proliferation activities. This project will develop a new class of advanced infrared, transparent, single mode fibers having propagation loss less than 3 dB/m in the 8-12 micron range, rugged mechanical properties, and high optical power delivery capacity. The transition tem ...

Within the Nuclear Physics community, grid computing has been established as paradigm for data sharing and computational analysis on a massive scale. In addition, cloud computing has recently emerged as a paradigm in which users lease the resources required to maintain and create virtual storage and computational elements in a shared hosting environment. This project will develop an infrastructu ...

Although aerosol particles have important impacts on visibility, acid deposition, climate, and human health, large uncertainties remain in quantifying their chemical composition and atmospheric transformations. Particularly lacking are real-time, quantitative instruments for the identification, speciation, and source apportionment of organic-containing aerosols. An innovative thermal desorption, ...

Distinguishing between photosynthetic uptake and respiratory emission of CO2 from plants is a difficult problem; yet, determining the small difference between these two parameters is crucial for determining the net ecosystem exchange of CO2 between the atmosphere and the biosphere. Carbonyl sulfide (COS) is a surrogate for CO2 uptake by plants during photosynthesis, but COS is not emitted from pl ...

Aerosol particles have important impacts on visibility, acid deposition, climate, and human health. A large fraction of these aerosols are generated from energy-related activities. These organic aerosols can be directly emitted from combustion sources or formed through gas-phase reactions of volatile organic compounds. Of the organic aerosol mass, only a small fraction has been compositionally ...

The increase of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the Earth¿s atmosphere is the most important driver of global warming. In order to predict future carbon dioxide concentrations under various mitigation strategies, a much better quantitative understanding of the sources and sinks of atmospheric carbon dioxide is required. Studying the ratios of the stable isotopes of CO2 has long been recognized as a too ...

Aerosol particles have important impacts on visibility, acid deposition, climate, and human health. A large fraction of these aerosols are generated from energy-related activities, and these organic compounds are known to constitute a significant fraction of ambient aerosol mass. Recently discovered discrepancies between measurements of organic aerosol mass and predictions from large scale atmos ...

Realizing a practical optical fiber for the 8-12 micron wavelength range has been a goal of the optical technology community for more than twenty years. Although many special fiber materials and structures have been attempted since the 1980s, none has fully met commercial requirements in terms of propagation loss, flexibility, longevity, stability, and high power capability. This project will pr ...

Today¿s solid-state lighting (SSL) products fall short of the key price and performance requirements needed to meet the complex demands of the general illumination market. Therefore, this project will develop novel encapsulants for LEDs that have the potential to improve light extraction efficiency by 30% over current technology. The approach will involve the synthesis of ionic liquids and soli ...