Award Data

High-resolution scintillation crystals and crystal arrays are important components of current and future handheld and arrayed detectors (used for DOD/DTRA applications), and scintillation spectrometers (routinely used in high energy physics research, medical imaging, diffraction, homeland security, nuclear waste clean-up, nuclear treaty verification and safeguards, and geological exploration). Un ...

Until now gamma radiation detection has required large single crystals of sensitive materials that are difficult to produce consistently on an industrial scale. In collaboration with a research group at the University of Texas at Arlington, Agiltron proposes to develop a new class of nanocomposite scintillator materials. The radiation detection characteristics of the synthetic nanoparticles in the ...

THIS STUDY WILL ATTEMPT TO DEVELOP A HIGH-RESOLUTION, INFRARED INSTRUMENT TO MONITOR CONCENTRATION LEVELS OF INDIVIDUAL ALKALI MOLECULAR SPECIES IN COMBUSTOR GAS STREAMS. THE FORMATION OF ALKALI SULFATES ON HOT COMBUSTOR SURFACES LEADS TO SEVERE CORROSION AND FOULING, RAISING OPERATING COSTS AND REDUCING EFFICIENCY. A MONITOR OF THE DOMINANT GAS-PHASE ALKALIS WOULD AID DEVELOPMENT OF MEASUREMENTS ...

SOLID STATE LASER SOURCES CURRENTLY AVAILABLE FOR MEASURING GREENHOUSE GASES, COMBUSTION PRODUCTS, AND OTHER SPECIES ACROSS THE 3 TO 30 MICRON REGION ARE LEAD SALT DIODE LASERS WHICH OPERATE AT LIQUID NITROGEN TEMPERATURES. PRACTICAL PROBLEMS INCLUDE THE NEED FOR CRYOGENIC COOLING, ERRATIC TUNING BEHAVIOR, AND LIMITED AVAILABILITY OF SINGLE MODE DEVICES IN THIS REGION. THE OPPORTUNITY EXISTS TO ...

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Aerosol particles have important impacts on visibility, acid deposition, human health, and climate. A large fraction of the anthropogenic aerosol is generated from energy-related activities known to contribute a significant fraction of ambient aerosol mass in many locations. Black carbon, formed in combustion processes, is believed to have a particularly strong influence on the earth¿s climate o ...

Aerosol particles affect the radiative balance of the earth directly, by scattering and absorbing solar and terrestrial radiation, and, indirectly, by acting as cloud condensation nuclei. It is now recognized that the atmospheric loading of aerosols generated through human activities can exert an influence on the earth¿s radiation budget comparable in magnitude with greenhouse gases. However, unc ...

Aerosol particles have important impacts on visibility, acid deposition, climate, and human health, although large uncertainties remain in quantifying their chemical composition and atmospheric transformations. However, of the organic aerosol mass, only a small fraction has been compositionally resolved, and little work has been done on the volatility and partitioning of organic compounds between ...

The increase of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the Earth¿s atmosphere is the most important driver of global warming. In order to predict future carbon dioxide concentrations under various mitigation strategies, a better quantitative understanding of the sources and sinks of atmospheric carbon dioxide is required. The ratios of the stable isotopes of CO2 has long been recognized as markers for identifyi ...