Award Data

Buildings consume 40% of the primary energy used in the United States. Space cooling accounts for approximately 12.7% of that primary energy consumption. The cooling demand is determined largely by two external factors: the temperature and humidity of the outdoor air, and the amount of solar radiation incident on the buildings exterior surfaces. The proposal concerns a technology that is integrate ...

Electricity generation processes burn fossil fuels, generating heat that is then used to produce power in a series of efficiency-robbing mechanical steps. These processes are able to generate a large amount of power, but waste a staggering 50 to 60% of the available heat energy due to technology limitations. Thermoelectric (TE) materials provide an attractive approach for recovering such waste hea ...

NOVA Scientific, Inc., teamed with the Electronics Group of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, proposes to construct very large area Microchannel Plate neutron detectors. The applications of these much larger format detectors will serve an exceptionally broad range of government agencies from neutron scattering detectors for DOE to nuclear material panel detectors for NNSA, and ultimately to nuclear m ...

79817 Although U.S. coal reserves are large enough to ensure energy security for the U.S. for several centuries, dependence on foreign natural gas and oil continues to grow because technologies for producing power with these fuels have an economic advantage over coal-based integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) technology. Yet, IGCC technology is a highly efficient and environmentally frie ...

78524 Durable, ultra-high productivity, low-cost hydrogen membranes for water-gas shift membrane reactors have been identified by the DOE as critical for low cost hydrogen production from coal or other fuels. The DOE has set aggressive membrane cost and performance targets, which, if met, promise to revolutionize hydrogen production. This project will develop a novel process for producing high q ...

Radiation Hardened Multi-color infrared (IR) focal planes are required for MDA/SMDC systems applications . Key to meeting these system requirements is to develop multi-color radiation hardened HgCdTe focal plane arrays for LWIR band ( 7-14 microns) and VLWIR band with wavelength of greater than 14 microns with high pixel uniformity, reduced readout noise, improved resolution, and higher temperatur ...

78772 Wave energy is a vast resource that should be included in the mix of energy resources serving the public. It offers the benefits of most renewable resources: no dependence on costly fuels of limited supply, no effluent, little impact on animal and plant habitat and, when located off shore, little impact on recreation or scenic beauty. This project will develop a high efficiency, direct d ...

78887 When completed, the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) will provide unprecedented opportunities for performing groundbreaking neutron science. Two reflectometers are planned for the SNS, one optimized for the measurement of liquid surfaces and the other for the measurement of magnetic materials. The SNS¿s high neutron flux will allow these instruments to collect complete data sets in minu ...

Highly energetic chemical processes play a central role in many military and commercial applications. For example, spectral emissions from missile plumes, arising from high-velocity chemical interactions of exhaust gases with the atmosphere, are used to detect, track, and identify threat targets. Detailed, quantitative knowledge of the energy-dependent chemical reaction cross sections and rates i ...

Silicon has long been the semiconductor of choice for high-voltage power electronic applications. Recently, SiC has attracted attention because SiC is projected to have better performance than silicon. [1] SiC power switching devices have yet to becommercialized, largely due to SiC crystal defects, most notably the device-killing micropipe defect, which does not permit high total current parts t ...