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ISOTOPIC CARBON ANALYSIS PROVIDES A VALUABLE TOOL FOR STUDIES OF METABOLIC PATHWAYS AND FOR TRACING CARBON TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE ENVIRONMENT. THIS PROPOSAL WOULD DEVELOP AN OPTICAL TECHNIQUE FOR THE CONVENIENT MEASUREMENT OF CARBON ISOTOPIC ((13)C/(12)C) RATIOS. THE INSTRUMENT WILL UTILIZE A LINEAR PHOTODIODE ARRAY TO IMAGE THE SPECTRA ARISING FROM PLASMA EMISSION OF THE CARBON-CONTAINING MOLECUL ...

WE PROPOSE TO INVESTIGATE A TECHNIQUE FOR INCREASING THE SENSITIVITY OF INTRACAVITY LASER ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY, WITH APPLICATION TO THE DETECTION AND MEASUREMENT OF TRACE GASES IN THE ATMOSPHERE. THE TECHNIQUE THAT WE WILL INVESTIGATE IS TO PLACE A MULTIPASS ABSORPTION CELL WITHIN THE RESONANT CAVITY OF A DYE LASER. WITH AN INTRACAVITY MULTIPASS CELL, THE OPTICAL ABSORPTION PATHLENGTH CAN BE IN ...

THE ABILITY TO GROW HETEROSPITAXIAL THIN FILMS OF DIAMOND IS LIMITED IN PART BY THE PROPENSITY OF SUCH FILMS TO NUCLEATE AT MULTIPLE SITES WITHOUT PROPER ORIENTATION. WE PROPOSE TO DEVELOP A 2-DIMENSIONAL GROWTH PROCESS BY ATOMIC LAYER EPITAXY (ALE) USING ADVANCED MOLECULAR BEAM TECHNIQUES. THE PHASE I RESEARCH WILL FOCUS ON DETERMINING THE MICROCHEMISTRY OF DEPOSITION PROCESSES AND THUS ALLOW FOR ...

THE POLARIZATION CHARACTERISTICS OF AIRCRAFT INFRARED SIGNATURES HAVE BEEN STUDIED AS A MEANS TO ENHANCE THE PERFORMANCE OF LONG RANGE PASSIVE INFRARED DETECTION SYSTEMS OPERATING IN THE PRESENCE OF CLUTTER. THESE STUDIES ALSO GENERATED EVIDENCE THAT THE AMOUNT AND ANGLE OF POLARIZATION AS WELL AS ITS SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION ARE UNIQUE BETWEEN DIFFERENT TYPES AND CLASSES OF AIRCRAFT. IT MAY BE POSSIB ...

A KEY CONSIDERATION IN A VARIETY OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES IS CONTROLLING EITHER THE POSITION OR SHAPE OF AN INTERFACE DEFINED AS THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN LIQUID AND SOLID MATERIALS OF DISSIMILAR COMPOSITION OR DENSITY TO WITHIN CERTAIN ALLOWABLE TOLERANCES. EXAMPLES OF SUCH DIVERSE PROCESSES ARE VERTICAL FREEZE BRIDGMAN AND CZOCHRALSKI CRYSTAL GROWTH AND ELECTROSLAG REMELTING FOR METAL REFINEMENT. A ...

X-RAY PHOTOCATHODES ARE USED IN A LARGE NUMBER OF X-RAY IMAGING SYSTEMS, MAINLY IN THE FIELDS OF ASTRONOMY AND MEDICAL IMAGING. IN MOST APPLICATIONS, X-RAY PHOTOCATHODES ARE USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH A MICROCHANNEL PLATE (MCP) AND A POSITION-SENSITIVE DETECTOR. DEVICES INCORPORATING THIS COMBINATION ARE CAPABLE OF IMAGING X-RAYSWITH VERY HIGH SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL RESOLUTION. MANY DIFFERENT X-RAY PH ...

ELECTROPHORESIS IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT AND WIDELY USED ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES FOR THE SEPARATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES. RECENTLY, THERE HAS BEEN A SIGNIFICANT ADVANCE IN ELECTROPHORESIS TECHNOLOGY THROUGH THE USE OF GEL GEOMETRIES INVOLVING THIN CAPILLARY TUBES. THIS TECHNOLOGY HAS BEEN DEVELOPED INTO A NEW SEPARATION TECHNIQUE, CAPILLARY ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS (CZE) AND IS ...

MODERN MILITARY OPERATIONS HAVE MADE IT NECESSARY FOR COMMANDERS TO HAVE RADIOLOGICAL INFORMATION CONCERNING NUCLEAR CONTAMINATION OF OCCUPIED AREAS. THIS INCREASING NEED FOR MORE ACCURATE AND RELIABLE INFORMATION FOR THE PURPOSE OF LOCATING AND IDENTIFYING POTENTIALLY HAZARDOUS NUCLEAR SOURCES, HAS LED TO NEED FOR IMPROVED INSTRUMENTATION. IN PARTICULAR, A NUCLEAR SURVEY INSTRUMENT WITH IMAGING C ...