Award Data

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Excessive alcohol use is associated with a range of serious and costly health, social, and economic consequences at the individual and societal level. This program of research serves as a venue by which to produce and test an innovative, science-based, and cost-effective means to intervene in a private, convenient, and individualized way with employed adults wh ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Pain affects over 100 million Americans annually. Opioids are the primary drugs that can treat pain. However, these drugs produce severe and unwanted side effects, such as respiratory depression, nausea, constipation and tolerance development (Berde et al, 2008); in addition, they are highly addictive (Koob et al, 1998). There is clearly a large, unmet need for ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Juvenile crime imposes enormous costs on victims, on society, and on juvenile offenders themselves. However, research assessing the efficacy of interventions for young offenders show, on average, only small effects on recidivism, substance abuse, and other behavioral outcomes. A major problem with existing interventions is that they tend to neglect individual d ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Tramadol is a widely prescribed analgesic, with over 25 million prescriptions and 565 million in retail sales in 2009, making it among the best selling generic drugs. One of the advantages of tramadol over traditionalopioids is its lower risk of opioid dependence, resulting in it having an unscheduled status in the U.S. and other countries. Although its mode ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this Phase II project is to advance the development of novel tolerance-inducing peptides (Tregitopes) to prevent and/or treat Type 1 diabetes (T1D) by optimizing the clinical delivery vehicle and treatment protocol, and by identifying correlates of efficacy in preparation for Phase 1 clinical trials. More than 13,000 children in the U.S. are diagnos ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed project will develop and demonstrate a miniaturized, portable aerosol sampler that will collect a series of time- and location-resolved personal exposure samples for conducting research into the relationships among environmental exposure, genetics and health. It will also develop a bench-top assay unit that will perform colorimetric assays for endo ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): At the frontier of biological electron microscopy, there is a strong emphasis on imaging the 3-D structure of cells, organelles, and macromolecules in their native state. This is facilitated by the use of frozen-hydrated specimens which have not been subjected to chemical fixation, dehydration or stains. The resolution is currently limited to about 4 nm by ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Significance: End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) affects a rapidly growing population likely to exceed 1 million patients in the US by 2020. The standard treatment of 3 times per week hemodialysis (HD) has high complicationrates and infection risks, results in undertreated patients, and is unsustainably costly to the health care system. Conventional vascular access ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This fast-track proposal applies advanced kinetic image pattern recognition (KIPR) technologies to predict induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) reprogramming colonies' differentiation outcomes for significantly improvedyield and robustness of differentiation protocols. The objectives of the proposed tool are 1) Teaching: creation of scores for induced colo ...

This Small Business innovation Research project will explore the development of mycofiltration– the use of fungal mycelium as a biologically active filter for removing pathogens from storm water. As pollution from pathogens is the leading cause of critically impaired waters nationwide, with storm water strongly linked to this contamination, this cutting edge research is a timely response to the ...