Award Data

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Excessive alcohol use is associated with a range of serious and costly health social and economic consequences at the individual and societal level This program of research serves as a venue by which to produce and test an innovative science based and cost effective means to intervene in a private convenient and individualized way with employed adults wh ...

The dramatic increase in development and usage of nanostructured materials has left a critical characterization gap in the ability to chemically identify and map materials with nanoscale spatial resolution. Anasys Instruments proposes to develop a high speed Wideband Infrared NanoSpectroscopy (WINS) platform that will dramatically extend the available capabilities for chemical characterization at ...

The Internet and computers are a part of our daily life and data storage is an important element in both. Over the years compute power has increased significantly but high speed, economical data storage has been lacking. Today, concerns range from how fast can information be accessed, how much storage is required, and the energy costs to operate data storage equipment and facilities. More than 60 ...

There are numerous applications where radio-frequency (RFID) tags can play a crucial role in national security and broader applications, including the safeguarding of nuclear materials to prevent proliferation. While some of the key technical challenges (such as performance of tags on metal, communication in harsh environments, radiation hardening, long-range passive RF tags, e ...

Production of highly charged ions, in particular isotope ion beams, is a major effort worldwide, and in particular, in the Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics Department. Rare isotope ion beams, with extreme proton-to-neutron ratios, provides insight into the synthesis of new elements and the discovery of rare nuclei. Charge-breeders based on Electron-Beam-Ion-Sources (EBIS) are a prom ...

Fast cycling synchrotrons and fixed-field alternate gradient accelerators offer an attractive solution for systems that require rapid acceleration of charged particles over a wide range of energies. The ability to rapidly tune the frequency of the accelerating cavity in devices represents a fundamental barrier to their implementation in a wide variety of applications for proton, ion and muon accel ...

The Department of Energy has identified an overall need to improve home and other building energy efficiency. One possible approach is to develop aerogel-based additive for existing insulation products and rendering them capable of offering 30% or better thermal barrier performance enhancement. The increased cost of the newer breed of insulation can be easily offset by energy savings and related ...

A detailed understanding of carbon cycle is limited by the availability of rapid, accurate, and easy-to-use isotope analyzers. Researchers use stable isotope data to study: 1) recycling of CO2 within forests; 2) water use efficiency; 3) partitioning carbon exchange into its components; and 4) identify and quantify the distribution and contributions of C3 and C4 species to global productivity. Los ...

Dicarboxylic acids are important industrial chemicals currently produced from petroleum using ecologically damaging manufacturing methods; furthermore, dicarboxylic acid prices are rising with increasing petroleum feedstock prices. Lygos is developing microbial hosts for the cost-competitive production of dicarboxylic acids from renewable feedstocks, including cellulosic hydrolysate. The combine ...

One of the key requirements to efficiently and safely operate advanced power generation systems is to have knowledge of the process conditions. In addition to physical measurements (e.g., pressure, temperature), real-time knowledge of gas compositions at critical locations enables optimizing operational conditions. The goal of this project is to develop an integrated package to enable operation o ...