Award Data

Detectors and radiation monitors for future high energy and nuclear physics experiments must be able to withstand radiation environments several orders of magnitude harsher than those of any current device. At present, most radiation detectors are based on silicon technology, however, the practical radiation hardness limit of silicon falls far short of requirements in future high ener ...

We propose to build on the Open|SpeedShop modular, extensible architecture and existing capabilities to examine the feasibility of providing seamless, integrated heterogeneous processor performance analysis support, focusing on GPU processors. Accelerators such as GPUs are becoming increasingly important at HPC laboratories within the DOE. However, the ability of tools to succinctly con ...

Ethylene and propylene are the primary feedstocks for the manufacture of polyethylene and polypropylene, respectively. These olefins represent a major component of the polymer manufacturing cost. Consequently, there is significant economic benefit in minimizing losses of unreacted olefin from the process. Some olefin loss is a result of the need to remove paraffin from the polymerization reactor ...

Synchrotron-based science has had a great scientific impact and will continue to have great impact going forward. In spite of the large investment in the 3rd generation light sources, most beam lines do not preserve the sources phase profile or brightness all the way to the sample. For these high brightness light sources, errors are almost completely due to distortion in the front-end optics cau ...

Intense pulsed pressure waves induced by proton beam impact on mercury in a spallation target propagate in the mercury and reflect from vessel walls as expansion waves resulting in cavitation damage to the walls. Injection of gas bubbles (few micrometer diameter range and void fraction of the order of 1%) into the mercury flow is one of the promising methods under investigation to mitigate the dam ...

Organic acid esters, produced from bio-based organic acids and alcohols, are truly bio-renewable, green chemicals that are promising replacements for halogenated and other petroleum-based solvents, lubricants, and plasticizers. With current uncertainty regarding the future of ethanol and other alcohols as biofuels, and with the availability of organic acids via fermentation, there exists strong mo ...

Current energy storage devices have energy densities that are barely sufficient for low cost electric-vehicles and rely on lithium ion batteries that use flammable, unsafe, liquid electrolytes. However, in order to replace liquid electrolyes in lithium batteries for hybrid electric power train systems, solid polymer electrolytes, which have the advantages of safety and flexibility, must attain con ...

The understanding of matter and the nuclear forces that govern their structure has led to scientific revelations which have had not only great impact on the physics community, but also on technological breakthroughs leading to advancements in nuclear medicine, homeland security, and materials research. Currently, there is a definitive need for advancements in detector technology for ...

This project addresses the need for reliable and efficient strategies for simulating the complex turbulent flows produced by moving boundaries associated with a wide range of next generation energy-related technologies such as wind turbines, ground vehicles, and wave and ocean current power generators. Understanding and accurately predicting such complex flow phenomena is an essential aspect of m ...

We aim to solve a technical problem that is hindering American progress in molecular medicine, and restricting US citizens from receiving optimal diagnostic care. Specifically, the project deals with a mother/daughter generator of positron-emitting radiotracers (Ge-68/Ga-68). These generator systems are approved in Europe but cannot be used in the USA, because of safety issues rela ...