Award Data

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Development of radiological nuclear medical countermeasures to treat Acute Radiation Syndrome ARS is a high priority research area for NIAID Bone marrow is one of the most sensitive tissues to radiation damage and impaired hematopoiesis is one of the first clinical signs of excessive radiation exposure often resulting i death Granulocyte colony stimulating ...

The release of chemical and biological agents on a large scale urban environment would be devastating. The amount of waste generated during such an event would be comparable to a tornado ripping through a town. Building materials, furniture, office materials, building insulation, wood structures could become contaminated to a level that they could not be decontaminated without their destruction. ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term goal of this proposal is to develop more effective therapies for cancer, specifically pancreatic cancer. The specific focus of this proposal is to improve upon the anti-cancer activity of the drug gemcytabine. This will be accomplished by synthesizing novel conjugates of gemcytabine in a form that enables increased pathways for uptake into cancer ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Chronic pain syndromes affect 25-35% of populations around the world. The presence of chronic pain generates a massive toll on quality of life, workforce productivity and healthcare resource utilization. Although non-opiate medications have been introduced to treat chronic pain syndromes, many types of chronic/neuropathic pain do not respond to such medications ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recent studies in animal models demonstrate that an endogenous human intestinal mucin fragment, termed MUC17, augments intestinal cell restitution and enhances healing of experimental colitis, potentially opening a newdoor to effective treatment of ulcerative colitis. However, expression of MUC17 in E. coli, yeast, and insect cells has met great challenges due ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Diabetes has become a devastating epidemic worldwide. Insulin is commonly used as a treatment to help manage diabetes because of its ability to control blood glucose levels, and is in high demand worldwide, but it facesmultiple challenges including adverse metabolic side-effects, short in vivo pharmaceutical life, and high cost. Today, millions of people contin ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The principal aim of this project is to obtain proof-of-concept for a new nanotechnology-based sensor material for rapid and sensitive fluorescence detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychloro biphenyls (PCBs). Simple, cheap and safe methods to detect and quantify these toxic substances, which rank high in the ATSDR Substance Priority Lis ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The ambient concentration of airborne pollutants such as CO and PM2.5 particulates in rural homes of developing countries such as Kenya has been observed to exceed World Health Organization (WHO) exposure limits up to 30X, and US Environmental Protection Agency limits by 100X. This indoor air pollution (IAP) has been linked to nearly 3% of the global burden of ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The exponential increase of diabetics and the elderly in the U.S. has at least tripled cataract surgeries in just two decades. As many as half of these surgeries will lead to posterior capsular opacification (PCO), which requires follow-up surgery using Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy. Without this additional surgery, patients can suffer permanent vision loss. In many ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): For most Americans, understanding and planning a healthy daily menu can be a confusing and multi- faceted process. The cognitive challenges faced by people with intellectual disabilities (ID) create even greater barriers in understanding the complexity of nutritional concepts such as the food groups, caloric values, saturated fats, cholesterol, daily recommende ...