Award Data

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant The exponential increase of diabetics and the elderly in the U S has more than tripled the number of cataract surgeries performed in just two decades As many as half of these surgeries will lead to posterior capsular opacification PCO which requires follow up Nd YAG laser capsulotomy surgery Without this additional procedure patients can suffer permanent ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant The nontuberculous Mycobacteria NTM are a growing public health concern as the number of opportunistic infections increases Although not a reportable disease there is growing epidemiologic evidence to suggest that NTM cause more infections today in the United States than Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mtb yet unlike Mtb there are few dedicated antimicrobial ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Phase and Phase clinical trials of a new class of redox active pharmaceutical are proposed in high grade glioma WHO grade III and IV This project will test a compound that crosses the blood brain barrier and which prevents hippocampal stem cell loss and white matter degradation following radiation therapy RT The compound also inhibits tumor regrowth f ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Personal Exposure Monitoring of Air Pollutants as an Educational Tool in the GO Treks project launched by the Phase I grant students at schools throughout the U S used personal monitors to measure the air pollutants black carbon and ozone along treks of their own design The treks were uploaded to blogs in the GO website where they were displ ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Nonlinear optical microscopy techniques and particularly multiphoton fluorescence microscopy have become popular tools for visualizing the three dimensional cellular architecture residing hundreds of microns and up to one millimeter deep in living organisms This is particularly valuable in neurobiology where multiphoton techniques have become widely used fo ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant The primary proposed objective is to realize a broadband high speed spatial light modulator SLM for microscopy applications Current microscopy techniques frequently employ spatial light modulators to manipulate the phase and amplitude of light illuminating a sample or and or transmitted by a sample The phase and amplitude of light in the microscope illumina ...

Project Summary Abstract The rate of progress in developing new pharmaceuticals could be accelerated if experimental researchers had practical methods for modeling enzyme mechanisms Unfortunately all current programs have severe limitations either being too slow too complicated or too inaccurate Although an efficient and accurate method for modeling mechanisms in enzyme catalyzed reactions ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Improving our understanding of the functional circuitry of the brain has important and manifold implications for our understanding of mental health as well as fields like consciousness and computing In the last decade optical techniques have arisen that allow both recording and control of targeted neurons for brain mapping and many of the best of these tech ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant There are an estimated million Americans with chronic kidney disease CKD Early diagnosis and treatment are the only cost effective means to reverse this growing problem NIH recognizes the challenge to diagnose CKD early during its initiation and development phases in order to prevent further renal damage reduce cardiovascular risk and minimize the econ ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Development of radiological nuclear medical countermeasures to treat Acute Radiation Syndrome ARS is a high priority research area for NIAID Bone marrow is one of the most sensitive tissues to radiation damage and impaired hematopoiesis is one of the first clinical signs of excessive radiation exposure often resulting i death Granulocyte colony stimulating ...