Award Data

Summary AbstractYouth under ageinvolved in the criminal justice system are disproportionately minorities and affected by substance abusemental illnessand HIV STIMost young offenders are released on community supervision without the STImental healthor substance use screeningdiagnosisand treatment afforded detained youthdespite similar rates of risk behaviorTheir long term trajectory is poorthe cost ...

Project Summary Environmental risk factors are attributable toof the chronic respiratory disease burden in the U Sand toof the burden from other non communicable diseasese gcancercardiovascular diseaseand diabetesExposure to environmental risk factors occurs through various forms of water and air pollutionwith a smaller attribution to sources like noiseradiationand physical hazardsMuch of this exp ...

Project Summary While studies support the efficacy of comprehensiveschool wide interventions in reducing bullyingthese types of programs can require significant time and financial resources for implementationresulting in barriers to providing school based bullying preventionespecially in low income and rural communitiesAdditionallyalthough training bystanders to act asdefenderson behalf of targets ...

Summary Abstract There are currently no tools available that can objectively measure painHistoricallypain in humans has been measured using subjective ratings to determine presence and severityIn animal modelspain is measured by semi quantitative assays that rely on the observation of pain behaviorsThough usefulthe inherently subjective nature of these measures has hampered both research and treat ...

Project Summary Abstract Acute gastroenteritisAGEinfectious diarrhea is a common condition that is costly in the US and highmortality in developing nationsThe cornerstone of AGE management is oral rehydration therapyORTan evidence based technique that has saved overmillion lives in theyears since its introductionThe problem we aim to address is ORT s underuse in developed countries specifically in ...

ABSTRACT SignificanceThere are overmillion people with insulin treated diabetes in the United States who represent a disproportionately large share of the $B in direct medical costs attributable to diabetesThe use of continuous glucose monitoringCGMhas been shown to reduce HbA c levelsa proven predictor of health outcomes within this populationwith the greatest improvement achieved when CGM is cou ...

In severe persistent hyperinsulinism (HI), repeated hypoglycemic episodes can ultimately lead to permanent seizure disorders, learning disabilities, cerebral palsy, blindness and even death. Clinical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of both short-term and long-term treatment with glucagon for severe forms of HI and continuous subcutaneous administration of glucagon has been recommended ...

Project SummaryAbstractPruritusalso called itchis the most frequent dermatological symptom in the US with up toof Americans being affectedPruritic stimuli are detected by a subset of nociceptive neuronspruriceptorswhich fire action potential in response to peripheral activation by THor THmolecules induced by chronic inflammatory skin diseases such as ichthyosisprurigo nodularisand hidradenitis sup ...

! Project Summary Millions of Americans today have an opioid use disorderOUDMillions more misuse opioidsand the crisis continues to growThe goal of this proposal is to speed the discovery of non addictive analgesics by providing drug discovery teams with simplermore robustmore quantitativeassays for agonist biasDriven by the urgency of the problem we are seeking Fast Track support to create new as ...

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The postpartum period is a critical time, and more than half of all maternal deaths occur postpartum. Black women are 3-4 times more likely than white women to experience maternal mortality. In the US, 1 in 4 women do not have a timely postpartum visit, and adherence is even lower for women on Medicaid managed care plans. Our Parent Grant (R43MD014923) was funded to develo ...