Award Data

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant The exponential increase of diabetics and the elderly in the U S has more than tripled the number of cataract surgeries performed in just two decades As many as half of these surgeries will lead to posterior capsular opacification PCO which requires follow up Nd YAG laser capsulotomy surgery Without this additional procedure patients can suffer permanent ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Intake of added sweeteners high fructose corn syrup and sucrose independently predicts the development of obesity metabolic syndrome and diabetes Despite recommendations by WHO and the AHA to reduce sugar intake to to percent of total energy intake the mean intake of added sugars remains percent of the diet and percent of the population ingest ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Vaccinations for adolescents in the U S tetanus diphtheria and acellular pertussis Tdap meningococcal conjugate vaccine MCV Human Papillomavirus HPV vaccines Gardasil and Cervarex remain well below the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC goals and especially so for the HPV vaccines These vaccine deficits are pronounced among minor ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Health disparities are high among Latinas They are more likely to be overweight diagnosed with diabetes and physically inactive compared to their non Hispanic White counterparts Thus interventions that target improving health access and ameliorating chronic diseases among Latinas are of high public health importance Regular physical activity PA promotes ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Improving our understanding of the fundamental circuitry and dynamics of the brain has far reaching implications for a wide range of fields including mental health computing and the philosophy of the mind To this end one of the critical questions currently facing neuroscientists lies in how brain states and behaviors arise from the activity of ensembles of ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Improving our understanding of the functional circuitry of the brain has important and manifold implications for our understanding of mental health as well as fields like consciousness and computing In the last decade optical techniques have arisen that allow both recording and control of targeted neurons for brain mapping and many of the best of these tech ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Wound healing is an intricately regulated process broadly characterized by phases of inflammation proliferation and remodeling Imbalances in any one of these phases can result in inadequate healing scar formation or in the development of chronic wounds such as diabetic ulcers Diabetic ulcers are responsible for the majority of lower extremity amputations ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Development of radiological nuclear medical countermeasures to treat Acute Radiation Syndrome ARS is a high priority research area for NIAID Bone marrow is one of the most sensitive tissues to radiation damage and impaired hematopoiesis is one of the first clinical signs of excessive radiation exposure often resulting i death Granulocyte colony stimulating ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant To combat Healthcare Associated Infection HAI which is now the rd leading cause of death in the U S TDA Research Inc proposes to develop new antimicrobial copper alloy coatings for high touch stainless steel surfaces that may be responsible for of all HAI Low cost durable coatings will be scientifically designed for the catalytic production of hyd ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Duchenne muscular dystrophy is caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene resulting in the loss of the dystrophin glycoprotein complex in skeletal muscle Loss of dystrophin results in reduced sarcolemmal integrity progressive muscle damage and compromised muscle function There is currently no cure and limited treatment options for DMD and all affected child ...