Award Data

THE USE OF LASERS AS A SURGICAL MODALITY HAS BEEN ESTABLISHED IN RECENT YEARS. LASERS OF VARIOUS WAVELENGTHS ARE SUITED FOR DIFFERENT SPECIFIC SURGICAL FUNCTIONS. CO2 (10.6 ) RADIATION HAS SMALL PENETRATION DEPTHS IN TISSUES. THIS LEADS TO HIGH SURFACE TEMPERATURES WHICH ARE DESIRABLE FOR TISSUE INCISION THROUGH EVAPORATION. ND:YAG LASERS (1.06 ) PROVIDE VOLUMETRIC TISSUE HEATING WHICH IS EFFECTIV ...

CANCER OF THE BREAST IS PRESENTLY THE MOST COMMON FORM OF CANCER IN WOMEN AND EARLY DETECTION OF IT HAS BECOME ONE OF THE NATION'S MORE PRESSING MEDICAL REQUIREMENTS. OF THE AVAILABLE TECHNIQUES, MAMMOGRAPHY IS THE MOST WIDELY USED APPROACH FOR THE EARLY DETECTING OF THE PRESENCE OF A POTENTIAL TUMOR WORTHY OF FURTHER INVESTIGATION. MAMMOGRAPHY IS ONE OF THE MOST DEMANDING MEDICAL X-RAY TECHNIQUES ...

ONE OF THE MOST CRITICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN THE SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT OF BONE TUMORS AND INFECTIONS IS THEIR DETECTION AND LOCALIZATION DURING SURGERY. ALTHOUGH NUCLEAR MEDICINE SCANNING TECHNIQUES ARE A WIDELY ACCEPTED AND EFFECTIVE APPROACH FOR IMAGING, THEY ARE VERY DIFFICULT TO USE IN THE TIGHT CONFINES OF THE OPERATING ROOM. THIS LIMITATION IS PARTICULARLY IMPORTANT IN THE REMOVAL OF A WIDE VAR ...

RADIOISOTOPE LABELING OF BIOLOGICAL COMPOUNDS IS A POWERFUL TOOL USED IN MANY MEDICAL RESEARCH TECHNIQUES. TRITIUM IS AN ESPECIALLY USEFUL RADIOISOTOPE SINCE IT CAN BE USED TO LABEL MANY BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE MATERIALS. FOR EXAMPLE, IMMUNOLOGISTS USE TRITIATED THYMIDINE WHICH CAN BE INCORPORATED INTO THE DNA MOLECULES OF GROWING CELLS. THIS PROVIDES AN ACCURATE WAY TO MONITOR CELL GROWTH. THUS TRITI ...

SCHISTOSOMIASIS, CAUSED BY PARASITIC FLATWORMS LIVING IN THE MESENTERIC/VESICAL VEINS, IS THE SECOND MOST IMPORTANT INFECTIOUS DISEASE OF MAN. PRODUCING CHRONIC ILLNESS, IT SPREADS WITH INCREASING DEMANDS FOR WATER AND INTENSIFIED IRRIGATION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. IT IS A MAJOR CONTRIBU-TOR TO THE HIGH LEVEL OF MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY IN ENDEMIC AREAS, MOLLUSCICIDING, SANITARY ENGINEERING AND CH ...

BIOTECH HAS DEVELOPED A SYSTEM FOR LABELING DNA FRAGMENTS WITH HAPTEN-MODIFIED ""TAILS'' WHICH CAN BE DETECTED BY IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS USING ENZYME-CONJUGATED ANTIBODIES. THE DETECTION SENSITIVITY OF THIS SYSTEM IS 274 PICOGRAM, WHICH IS SUFFICIENT TO DETECT SINGLE COPY GENES IN HUMAN DNA. THE AIM OF THIS PROPOSAL IS TO TEST THE APPLICABILITY OF BIOTECH'S SYSTEM FOR DIAGNOSTIC USE IN CLINICAL LAB ...

THE OVERALL OBJECTIVE OF THE RESEARCH APPLICATION IS TO DEMONSTRATE THE POTENTIAL OF THE DERMAPATCH DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM DEVELOPED BY BIOTEK FOR THE TRANSDERMAL DELIVERY OF THERAPEUTIC AGENTS. THE SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE IS TO ILLUSTRATE THIS POTENTIAL BY TESTING IN LIVING ANIMALS A DERMAPATCH FOR THE DELIVERY OF LEVONORGESTREL AND ESTRADIOL WHICH COMPRISE TWO MAJOR BIRTH CONTROL STEROIDS. THE DERMAPAT ...

A PROGRAM TO DEVELOP LASERS SUITABLE FOR IRRADIATING EXTERNALLY SUPPLIED CHROMOPHORES (DYES) IN TISSUE USING SELECTIVE PHOTOTHERMOLYSIS (SP) IS PROPOSED. SP ALLOWS PRECISE TARGET SPECIFICITY IN VIVO BY COLOR SELECTIVITY, AND SPATIAL SELECTIVITY DOES NOT DEPEND ON FOCUSING BUT INSTEAD DEPENDS ON TIME RESOLUTION. LARGE TISSUE VOLUMES CAN BE TREATED SIMULTANEOUSLY AND NON-TARGET TISSUE SPARED. THE LA ...

THIS RESEARCH EXPLORES THE FEASIBILITY OF USING A NOVEL ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSOR FOR MONITORING THE ALCOHOL CONTENT IN BREATH. SUCCESSFUL DEMONSTRATION DURING THE PHASE I PROGRAM OF THE PROPOSED SENSOR'S RESPONSE, PRECISION, ACCURACY, DETECTIVITY, LIFE AND TOLERANCE TO INTERFERENCES WOULD LEAD TO A PHASE II PROGRAM TO DEVELOP A COMPUTERIZED INSTRUMENT FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF ALCOHOL TREATMENT COMPLIA ...

NEW DNA DIAGNOSTIC TESTS WILL PERMIT THE RAPID, ACCURATE, SENSITIVE, AND INEXPENSIVE DIAGNOSIS OF A WIDE VARIETY OF DISEASES WITHOUT GROWTH, EXPRESSION OF SPECIFIC CELL FUNC- TION, OR PRODUCTION OF SPECIFIC PROTEINS BY THE AGENT. FUR-THERMORE, POSITIVE IDENTIFICATION IS INDEPENDENT OF ANTIGEN-IC VARIATION, PROTEIN DEGRADATION, MASKING BY HOST ANTIBOD IES, CROSS REACTIVITY OF TEST ANTIBODIES, OR OT ...