Award Data

A key application of the technological breakthrough associated with decreased cost of DNA sequencing is metagenomics. Metagenomics is the process of sequencing DNA from whole ecosystems, rather than individuals or cultures. This approach has the potential to allow the dissection of microbial ecosystems in biofuel producing agricultural land, toxic contaminated sites and hydrocarbon recovery enviro ...

Tall towers and foundations for modern offshore and land-based wind turbines are too large to transport over roads or rail due to their extremely large dimensions. Existing “one-off” on-site construction methods are too expensive, and are too slow for manufacturing foundations and towers in the large numbers needed, especially for offshore components manufactured in ports with limited lay-down ...

Superconducting Radio Frequency (SRF) accelerating structures are now considered the device of choice for many of todays leading applications in high energy and nuclear physics, which include: energy recovery linacs (ERLs), linear colliders (ILC), neutrino factories, spallation neutron sources, and rare isotope accelerators. These projects place enormous demand for more reliable and economic meth ...

Current state-of-the-art SRF accelerating cavities require the use of many complex and expensive techniques throughout their fabrication/performance cycle. This project will utilize a novel Additive Manufacturing (AM) process to produce nearly monolithic SRF niobium cavities of arbitrary shape with features such as optimized wall thickness and/or integrated stiffeners, greatly reducing the cost a ...

Hydrocarbon chemicals are largely derived from the processing of petroleum, natural gas, or coal. These fossil feedstocks are not renewable and, in the case of petroleum, susceptible to international supply disruptions and severe price fluctuations. In contrast, lignin is a renewable hydrocarbon biopolymer and is one of the most abundant organic substances on earth, comprising up to 3 ...

Many important technology challenges today such as the capacity and life time of batteries require new characterization techniques to understand and improve performance. In the STTR Phase II project, novel x-ray microscope techniques and software are developed to be able to image samples in three dimensions and determine chemical composition and function on a microscopic level. As known from ubi ...

Atmospheric aerosols influence the earths radiation balance through direct scattering and absorption of radiation, and through alteration in the formation, brightness and extent of clouds. The concentrations and size distribution of aerosols aloft is important to these effects. Needed is a method to capture the size-resolved vertical profiles of those particles in the 10 600 nm size range that d ...

The Exascale Computing Project is tasked to develop the next generation of high performance computing systems capable of computing at 50 to 100 times faster than current HPC systems. Computing at this extreme-scale will significantly enhance the value of materials modeling and simulation to basic materials research and engineering In particular, computing at the extreme scale will enable a higher ...

Quantifying atmospheric aerosol, clouds and precipitation processes are critical needs for understanding and interpreting Earth’s changing energy budget, is a DOE objective, and is of broader benefit to the public. Specifically, the formation of ice in the atmosphere depends on the nature and abundance of ice nucleating particles, and has major implications for precipitation and cloud interactio ...

The problem being addressed is the development of high intensity ultrashort pulse lasers, in recognition that today’s ultra-high intensity lasers are limited to repetition rates of < 10 Hz. Technical solutions are sought to enable the generation of high energy (joule-level) laser pulses that can be focused to highly relativistic intensity at high repetition rates (100-1000 Hz). The proposed proj ...