Award Data

THE IMPORTANCE OF COUNTING NOBLE GAS ATOMS WITH ISOTOPIC SELECTIVITY STEMS FROM THE PRACTICAL FACT THAT THESE ATOMS CAN BE REMOVED FROM LARGE QUANTITITES OF MATERIALS, AND IF COUNTED INDIVIDUALLY, OFFER OPPORTUNITIES FOR PARTICLE PHYSICS, DATING, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND MEDICAL APPLICATIONS. RESONANCE IONIZATION SPECTROSCOPY (RIS), COMBINED WITH MASS SPECTROSCOPY, HAS LED TO A SYSTEM FOR COUNTING KR-81 ...

THE LONG RANGE STRUCTURE OF MATERIALS IS CURRENTLY BEING STUDIED USING SMALL ANGLE SCATTERING OF SLOW ("COLD") NEUTRONS AND X-RAYS. LOCAL ORDER IS STUDIED BY DIFFRACTION.WITH THE ADVENT OF STRONGER SOURCES OF COLD NEUTRONS, AND THE CURRENT SITUATION WITH X-RAY SOURCES, THERE IS A NEED FOR MUCH HIGHER SPEED OF RESPONSE IN LARGE AREA ARRAYS. PRESENT ION-CHAMBER WIRE ARRAYS ARE LIMITED TO ABOUT 40,00 ...

A NEED EXISTS FOR NEW ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS CAPABLE OF RELIABLY MEASURING CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL COMPOUNDS IN THE ENVIRONMENT, PROCESS STREAMS AND IN BODY FLUIDS. ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS BASED ON ENZYME SPECIFICITY HAVE BROAD POTENTIAL IN MEDICAL DIAGNOSTICS, ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING, AND PROCESS CONTROL. MAJOR PROBLEMS IN CURRENT COMMERCIAL BIOSENSOR DESIGN ARISE BECAUSE OF INSTABILITY, SLOW R ...

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THE INVERSE MONTE CARLO (IMC) METHOD IS A NOVEL APPLICATION OF DIRECT MONTE CARLO (MC) THAT ALLOWS A RATHER LARGE CLASS OF INVERSE PROBLEMS TO BE SOLVED IN A NONITERATIVE MANNER. DIRECT MC CAN BE VIEWED AS A MEANS OF ESTIMATING DEFINITE INTEGRALS; IMC, ON THE OTHER HAND, CAN BE VIEWED AS A MEANS OF SOLVING INVERSE PROBLEMS POSED AS FREDHOLM INTEGRAL EQUATIONS OF THE FIRST KIND. IN BOTH CASES, THE ...

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This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project aims to develop activated carbon nano-fiber based ultra-capacitor with ability to store large energy and power density. Super-capacitors are increasingly becoming attractive because of their potential to provide highly reliable peak power but are not notable for energy storage. Achieving this step improvement in energy storage may be judged ...

This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I project is directed at homeland security and will determine the feasibility of developing a computerized tool for airport security checkpoint baggage screening that will assist baggage screeners in x-ray image inspection and which will provide networked electronic communications among security checkpoint personnel. Current baggage screening m ...

This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase II project will develop a new technology for rapid identification and sorting of aluminum and its alloys from a mixture of non-magnetic metals and will provide a new high quality source of these valuable materials for industrial manufacturing processes. This project plans to complete development of an innovative new optoelectronic sensing method ...