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The laser plasma accelerator (LPA) is a very promising technology for generating gamma rays for the detection of contraband bulk nuclear materials, but is currently limited by the rate at which the beam can be pulsed. Erosion of the capillary plasma channel is the main limiting factor and can be mitigated through the use of artificial diamond to construct the channel. Computational modeling and ...

For solid oxide fuel cells the key barrier to technology commercialization is the high system cost, which is driven by materials selection. The use of steel components would be preferable but without protective coatings they are susceptible to oxidation and chromium volatilization in air and carburization and coking on the fuel side of the system. To enable the adoption of stainless steels low-cos ...

Current methods to discern the differentiation state of stem cells are time-consuming, labor-intensive, costly, invasive, and consequently, ill-suited for clinical applications. To overcome these limitations, we propose to develop a microfluidic stem cell analyzer for accurate, non-invasive identification of the cell differentiation state in conjunction with automated cell sorting at high-throughp ...

With the 4 billion tons of uranium estimated to be dissolved in the earth & apos;s oceans, an essentially unlimited resource is available to those with easy and affordable access. With decades of research towards the extraction of uranium from seawater, focus has been directed towards the selectivity of the adsorbent material, the cost of the material, and the ability of the adsorbent to be recycl ...

Computer simulations of multi-phase flows are important for many applications. In the proposed work, we plan to advance Eulerian-Lagrangian methods by using Adaptive Mesh Refinement for multi-scale resolutions, and CPU-GPU parallelization to drastically reduce computing time. Eulerian-Lagrangian methods treat the gas/liquid phase as a continuum (Eulerian) fluid, and solid particulates as discrete ...

Controlling emissions and increasing efficiencies are essential requirements in future advanced power plants. Herein, next generation power systems require greater flexibility in their operations for meeting the higher efficiency and lower emissions conditions that are geared toward meeting consumer demand and adhering to increased regulatory standards, simultaneously. Those requirements can be me ...

Since 2008, the United States has experienced a fundmental shift in energy resources and policies that are now changing the power generation industry. New Federal EPA regulations and State renewable energy portfolio standards have increased the pressure on coal-fired power plants to reduce pollutants and implement clean-coal technology, through ultra-supercritical (USC) and advanced ultra-supercr ...

Successful adoption of open frameworks such as perfSONAR in Science DMZs within DOE labs, universities, and small-businesses, and the emerging trends of software-defined cloud platforms that inherently require multi-domain performance transparency are major drivers for a new market. However, perfSONAR framework and other proprietary solutions developed by industry cannot be effectively integrated ...

Redox flow batteries are a promising technology for electrical energy storage for renewable energy sources; however traditional redox flow batteries are limited in their use due to non-uniform pressure drops and mass transfer limitations, as well as high manufacturing costs related to the felt material costs for the electrode and component alignment challenges during manufacturing.General Statemen ...

There is a great demand for high energy advanced photons in many fundamental scientific disciplines and applications like undulators. Magnets based on PrFeB chemistry are most suitable for cryogenically operated undulators. Prior to our Phase I project, there were no development efforts for a United States manufacturing base for PrFeB magnets. The first objective is to process the best performi ...