Award Data

Bright coherent light sources in the soft x-ray region of the spectrum are useful for a variety of applications of interest to DOE in the basic sciences, nanoscience and biology, and for technological applications. At Free-Electron Laser Facilities, peak power output of the x-ray pulses is enhanced by using a mid-infrared laser pulse instead of a near-infrared pulse. The current front end for mid- ...

Spectroscopy in the long-wave infrared (LWIR) wavelength region (8 to 12

72323B03-I The exploration of certain regimes of high energy physics will require the development of photocathodes with emitted electron spin-polarizations above 90%. Emitted electron spin-polarizations approaching 90% have been achieved, but at the expense of quantum yield. Because natural diffusion spatial spread disfavors complete transport to the emitting surface, this project will deve ...

72212-The uniform dispersion of nanoceramic filler particles within a polymer matrix, for producing high quality polymer/ceramic nanocomposites, is a very time-and energy-intensive process. The development of efficient methods for uniformly dispersing nanoceramic inclusions, which are well-adhered to the polymer throughout the polymer matrix, and for fabricating parts from such composites at low ...

Significant fuel cost savings can be realized in the automotive and aerospace industries by employing lightweight materials in the design and fabrication of vehicular components. To date, the exploitation of lightweight magnesium and aluminum alloys in component fabrication has been restricted due to their limited formability at room temperatures in conventional metal stamping processes. Hydrofo ...

Significant fuel cost savings can be realized in the automotive and aerospace industries by employing lightweight materials in the design and fabrication of vehicular components. To date, the exploitation of lightweight magnesium and aluminum alloys in component fabrication has been restricted due to their limited formability at room temperatures in conventional metal stamping processes. Hydrofo ...

70702B02-II Organic scintillators and waveshifters are fundamental materials used in the detection of ionizing radiation in experimental detectors for high energy physics research, and in other applications such as nuclear medicine and homeland security. Future scientific developments will require improving scintillator and waveshifter response time while maintaining high light efficiency, good ...

72604T03-I State-of-the-art polymeric acid catalysts are widely used in the chemical industry. Current polymeric heterogeneous catalysts are amorphous, and do not have well defined, regular pores with controlled diameters and tight dimensions (as do high temperature zeolite acid catalysts, for example). However, it is now known that immobilized acid groups on the inside of pores 10 to 15 nan ...

72540B03-I Many kinds of biomass can be used as fuel or fertilizer after being dried and ground. Combining drying with grinding in one operation would provide simplicity and offer better drying efficiencies. This project will use centrifugal force for grinding, and energy from the grinding process will be used for drying, thereby obviating the need for an external heat source and resulting in ...

70848T02-II Fuel oil is an important part of the energy supply mix for commercial and large residential buildings, but the development of low emission, high performance burners has received little attention. Recent advances in recirculating burner development with low pressure air atomization provide an opportunity to introduce such improved systems to the market. This project will develop a ...