Award Data

Improving the performance of existing superconducting radiofrequency cavities is one approach to improving the capabilities of existing accelerator facilities. By coating existing SRF cavities with Mo3Re, one could realize reduced coat of cryogenics and/or higher accelerating gradients. Alameda Applied Sciences Corp proposes to develop a thin film coating method to produce Mo3Re thin film superco ...

Development of 100 Gb/s network infrastructure, even though nascent, is gathering momentum as a result of the progress made in the 100 Gb/s Ethernet and Optical Transport Network (OTN) standardization efforts. A 100 Gb/s test bed proposed by ESNet is expected to facilitate rapid data transfer between geographically dispersed clouds allowing scientists to use available computing resources regardles ...

Traditional enterprise cyber-security methods are inadequate to address the increasing number of threats, particularly within larger and higher-performance networks. Several government and third party organizations report consistent failures within corporate and federal, state, and local government networks. A key point of failure in securing these networks is the centralized security architectu ...

The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), an efficient method for computing Discrete Fourier Transforms, is widely used in climate modeling, molecular dynamics, structural dynamics, astronomical computations, nuclear energy, and many other scientific applications. Representing one of the most important users of numerical routines, the Department of Energy (DOE) uses FFTs to solve the most-pressing challen ...

Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) has been an extremely productive materials science probe for several decades and is used extensively by researchers studying a wide range of subjects, including polymers, ceramics, metals and biological macromolecules and functions. However, it is limited to length scales from 1 to 100 nm and requires highly collimated and relatively monochromatic neutron beam ...

Web searching has become a ubiquitous and indispensable activity for a wide spectrum of human endeavors. The success of Google and its competitors depends on extensive software and network infrastructures and costly hardware. Federated search engines, such as Science.gov, WorldWideScience.org and ScienceEducation.gov also run on powerful, albeit much smaller, server clusters that connect to divers ...

The value of the electric dipole moment of the neutron (nEDM) represents a test of the theories that describe the origin and evolution of the universe. Photomultiplier tubes (PMT) with 50mm diameter used as detectors for the nEDM experiment have two recognized limitations: low quantum efficiency and degraded performance due to secondary pulses.A solid-state Visible Light Photon Counter (VLPC) inve ...

Atmospheric aerosols influence the global radiation balance through direct scattering, and perhaps more importantly, through modification of the earth

Semi-volatile organic compounds play an important role in the atmosphere. These constituents are involved atmospheric transformation processes, and are an important source of secondary organic aerosols and may play a significant role in the formation of cloud condensation nuclei. Unanswered questions include the relative importance of anthropogenic and biogenic volatile organic emissions to seco ...

There is significant opportunity for energy efficiency improvements in the industrial and manufacturing sectors in the U.S., both from the production and consumption perspective. Higher energy density battery materials will play a role in both, through improved storage of electricity from renewable sources, the enabling of electric vehicles, and through the development of longer lasting, higher po ...