Award Data

The novel high energy, high average power, diode-pumped solid state lasers to be developed by this program will enable the realization of a new generation of high average power table-top x-ray laser sources with applications in ultrafast metrology of materials, studies of molecular structure and catalysis, ultra-high resolution microscopy, and other nanotechnology applications.

Neutron scattering is one of the most useful methods of studying the structure and dynamics of matter. Therefore, a number of new large neutron facilities have recently being constructed, upgraded or planned around the world. Examples include the new, 1.4 billion-dollars Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at DoE’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and upgrades of ORNL’s High-Flux Isotope React ...

Separations often account for a majority of process costs. This is because all traditional separation processes have inherent weaknesses that prevent the system from achieving perfect (or even near perfect in many instances) selectivity. These weaknesses result in large recycle streams and require multiple separation units in concert in order to produce a product clean enough for use or sale. An a ...

Novel electron gun features are required to enhance the peak and/or average beam brightness by reducing the emittances of electron bunches while allowing the guns to operate at a high repetition rate using laser excitation of the photocathode. The generation of surface acoustical waves (SAWs) on piezoelectric substrates is known to produce strong piezoelectric fields that propagate on the surface ...

Detecting electromagnetic (EM) signals generated by electrical and electronic processes and equipment in the presence of large amounts of clutter and unknown obstacles or infrastructure along the channel presents a unique set of challenges, with the most critical being: Lack of signal design, Unknown channel conditions, and Potential active attempts to hide or obfuscate the signals. Recently, ther ...

Development of superior Li-ion batteries (LIBs) is a critical part of the US Department of Energy’s (DOE) mission to improve the economic, social, and environmental sustainability of electric vehicles (EV). This mission, “EV Everywhere Grand Challenge” seeks to reduce the cost of the EV batteries from the current more than $250/kWh to less than $125/kWh by 2022. To achieve this goal, the mat ...

Project Summary/Abstract: For reservoir development and management in the highly flow- restrictive shales of today’s unconventional reservoirs, the oil and gas industry needs to quantify oil flow characteristics. With production, reservoirs characteristics change while the data from flow tests of cores captured during drilling give very imprecise and inaccurate data only about initial reservoir ...

High-temperature superconductors (HTS) are a vital technology for future particle accelerators, motors, generators and other electric power systems, fusion reactors, and many other medical and defense applications requiring high magnetic fields. One remaining limiting factor limiting to the implementation of HTS systems is the lack of adequate sensors to monitor the temperature and strain states o ...

High selectivity in chemical reactions is the key to reducing costs, energy consumption and emissions in chemical processing. More selective and active catalysts will reduce the need for recovering unreacted chemicals for recycle and removing byproducts. Reducing the burden on separation processes will greatly reduce the energy required for chemical production. We will design macromolecular cataly ...

Maximizing the value proposition for solar and distributed energy resources to consumers requires a more integrated and coordinated approach to utilizing these resources on-site. Commercial solutions are not yet widely available to provide optimal use of combined on-site resources locally, while at the same time optimizing their value to the electric power distribution system as well. Solutions s ...