Award Data

As computational density for high- performance computing and big-data services continues to scale, performance scalability of next generation computing systems is becoming increasingly constrained by limitations in memory access, power dissipation and chip packaging. The processor-memory communication bottleneck, a major challenge in current multicore processors due to limited pin-out and power bu ...

Density functional theory is used by many researchers funded by the Department of Energy as a method for predicting the behavior of chemicals and materials used in energy applications. However, results of these calculations are often not standardized and, even when they are, expert-level understand of the methods is needed in order to properly perform a simulation. The energy research community a ...

Current state-of-the-art SRF accelerating cavities require the use of many complex and expensive techniques throughout their fabrication/performance cycle. This project will utilize a novel Additive Manufacturing (AM) process to produce nearly monolithic SRF niobium cavities of arbitrary shape with features such as optimized wall thickness and/or integrated stiffeners, greatly reducing the cost a ...

Many important technology challenges today such as the capacity and life time of batteries require new characterization techniques to understand and improve performance. In the STTR Phase II project, novel x-ray microscope techniques and software are developed to be able to image samples in three dimensions and determine chemical composition and function on a microscopic level. As known from ubi ...

Laser based advanced accelerators can achieve very high accelerating gradients, but their duty cycle is limited by the laser power availability and media recovery time. Inverse Free Electron Laser (IFEL) is a vacuum farfield laser accelerator scheme which does not rely on a medium (plasma) or a structure (metal or electric) and therefore is potentially capable of accelerating charged particles ver ...

A key requirement for microalgae biofuels production is a very low cost harvesting technology. Commercially available solidliquid separation technologies applicable to microalgae, such as chemical coagulation, membrane separations and centrifugation, are too costly for biofuels production or other lowcost microalgae processes, such as wastewater treatment. A low cost harvesting process is bio floc ...

Cost-effective and power-efficient radiation tolerant semiconductors are needed in various harsh environments, such as particle detectors, communication satellites, high-altitude avionics and medical imagining equipment. These include amplifiers, voltage regulators, analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and digital logic circuitry. However, radiation-tolerant high-speed ADCs currently cost more than ...

Development of accelerator structures that can sustain acceleration gradients up to 150 MeV/m are required in order to build a future multi-TeV collider with an energy reach beyond present or planned electron-positron colliders. Limitations for operation with high acceleration gradient arise from RF breakdown. High-melting-point insulated coatings are to be applied first to test samples and to p ...

An important objective of the NEAMS program is to enable widespread use of the software tools among the industry, academia, and regulatory communities. For solving the problems occurring at various stages of NEAMS simulations, typically there are several possible choices for numerical subroutines. Furthermore, the best method for a numerical problem may also evolve over the course of the simulatio ...

The proposed research and development project addresses the need to improve the energy efficiency of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems in residential buildings throughout the US. The project uses an innovative holistic approach to redesign key components of the air handling unit (AHU) in forced-air HVAC systems that are installed in at least 84 million residences, including ...