Award Data

MUNICIPAL LANDFILLS PRODUCE GAS: SEVERAL MILLION STANDARD CUBIC FEET (SCF) PER DAY FROM A MODEST LANDFILL, AND UPWARDS TO 5-10 MILLION SCF/DAY FROM LARGE LANDFILLS. GAS GENERATION OF THIS MAGNITUDE CONTINUES LONG AFTER LANDFILL CLOSURE, PERHAPS FOR 15 TO 20 YEARS. LANDFILL GAS (LFG) IS ROUGHLY AN EQUAL MIX OF METHANE (CH4) AND CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2), WHICH BECOMES CONTAMINATED WITH MANY VOLATILE T ...

THERE IS A CRITICAL NEED FOR A FAST, SIMPLE SENSOR FOR AQUEOUS MERCURY IN WASTE, SURFACE, AND GROUND WATER. THIS SENSOR IS REQUIRED FOR THE DOE REMEDIATION EFFORTS AS WELL AS THE MORE WIDESPREAD EFFORTS IN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. SUCH A SENSOR SHOULD BE ABLE TO REACT TO NANOGRAM PER MILLILITER LEVELS OF MERCURY. THE SENSOR IS CAPABLE OF DIRECT IMMERSION IN SOLUTION AND SHOULD PROVIDE CONTINOU ...

THE OBJECTIVE OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT IS TO FABRICATE AND MEASURE THE PERFORMANCE OF TWO NOVEL DESIGNS FOR REGENERATIVE HEAT EXCHANGERS APPLICABLE TO VARIOUS TYPES OF CRYOCOOLERS, SUCH AS STIRLING AND GIFFORD MCMAHON REFRIGERATORS. THE REGENERATORS PRESENTLY USED ARE LIMITED TO TWO TYPES, AND BASICALLY TWO MATERIALS, DUE TO FABRICATION CONSTRAINTS. THEY ARE RATHER COSTLY, LABOR INTENSIVE, SUBJECT ...

FIBER MATERIALS, INC. (FMI) PROPOSES SENSORS WHICH CAN BE EMBEDDED IN PAVEMENT TO MEASURE STRESS AND STRAIN FROM TRUCKS PASSING OVER AT SPEEDS UP TO 60 MPH. THESE SIMPLE, DURABLE SENSORS WILL BE MADE FROM PIEZOELECTRIC COMPOSITES WHICH ACT AS PASSIVE SENSORS AND DEVELOP A CHARGE PROPORTIONAL TO THE APPLIED PRESSURE. THE CHARGE IS CONVERTED TO A VOLTAGE WHICH IS RECORDED ON NEARBY EQUIPMENT. THE PH ...

72192-Future high field (15+T) dipole magnets will require superconductors with high current density and lower costs. This project will develop technology for lowering the cost of the Nb/Cu filaments that go into the internal-Sn subelments and for increasing the Nb/Cu ratio of these filaments. Increasing the Nb/Cu ratio of the filaments will increase the potential current density of the subeleme ...

72421-In the power generation and transport industry, turbine engine efficiency is enhanced by operating at higher temperatures and speeds. However, current materials have limited life at the high temperature (500¿F) and the corrosive environment of turbine engine operation. This project will develop a new class of nano-materials to meet such needs. The materials not only will have ceramic-lik ...

THE PROPOSAL CONCERNS THE IMPROVEMENT OF A CLASS OF HIGH-ENERGY PERMANENT MAGNETS NOW UNDER DEVELOPMENT; HEAT-BONDED COMPOSITES OF HARD MAGNETIC ALLOY POWDERS IN A DUCTILE METAL MATRIX. THE APPLICABILITY OF SN/PB-SOLDER BONDING TO IRON-NEODYMIUM-BORON ALLOYS WILL BE EXPERIMENTALLY EXPLORED. POWDERS OF DIFFERENT PARTICLE SIZES WILL BE PREPARED FROM PRE-SINTERED FE-ND-B, COMPACTS OF THESE WITH SOLDE ...

PRESENT TRAIN DETECTION SCHEMES RELY LARGELY ON A LOW RESISTANCE THROUGH THE TRAIN'S WHEELS TO PERTURBATE A STABLE ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT. WHILE ELEGANT IN PRINCIPLE, THE DESIGN IS PLAGUED BY OXIDE FILMS AND MATERIAL BUILDUP ON THE RAIL, SNEAK PATHS THROUGH THE BALLAST AND OTHER UNCONTROLLABLE VARIABLES. KVH INDUSTRIES PROPOSES TO DESIGN AND DELIVER A "SMART MAGNETOMETER"-BASED SENSOR PACKAGE WHICH WI ...

WE WILL DETERMINE THE FEASIBILITY OF IMPROVED METHODS FOR DETERMING AIR CONTENT IN FRESH CONCRETE. WE EXPECT THAT A STUDY OF VOLUME CHANGE WITH VARYING PRESSURE AND VACUUM WILL LEAD TO A METHOD THAT WILL INDICATE BOTH AIR CONTENT AND VOID SIZE, AND YIELD AIR CONTENTS THAT T ARE UNAFFECTED BY THE NONTHEORETICAL COMPRESSIBILITY OF SMALL VOIDS. WE WILL DETERMINE THE FEACIBILITY OF SIMPLER METHODS OF ...

Next generation light sources, diffraction-limited storage rings, and high repetition rate free electron lasers will significantly increase the average brightness of the generated X-ray beams. These machines will require X-ray refractive optics with precise dimensional control and smooth surfaces that are capable of handling large heat loads. How the problem is being addressed: In this project w ...