Award Data

THE LONG-RANGE GOAL OF THIS PROGRAM IS THE DEVELOPMENT AND COMMERCIALIZATION OF PROTON ACCELERATORS SUITABLE FOR RADIATION THERAPY OF CANCER IN HOSPITAL OR CLINICAL SETTINGS. FOR THIS PURPOSE THE ACCELERATOR SHOULD HAVE AN ENERGY UP TO 250 MEV, AND MUST BE SIMPLE, RELIABLE, AND INEXPENSIVE COMPARED TO EXISTING ACCELERATORS FOR PHYSICS APPLICATIONS. IN ADDITION, WITH SUFFICIENT INNOVATION, IT COULD ...

THE PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY IS THREEFOLD: PART I WILL LAST APPROXIMATELY THREE MONTHS; THE GOAL OF THIS SEGMENT WILL BE TO DEVELOP ALL COMPONENTS REQUIRED FOR A SELF-MANAGEMENT PROGRAM FOR ALL ASTHMATIC PATIENTS. THIS WILL ENTAIL, IN PART, REFINING AND VIDEOTAPING PORTIONS OF A PROGRAM WITH PROVEN EFFICIENCY, WHEEZERS ANONYMOUS. IN ADDITION, RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF PAPER-AND-PENCIL INSTRUMENTS U ...

THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO DEVELOP QUANTITATIVE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR CONCENTRATION MEASUREMENTS USING HIGH- RESOLUTION DIGITAL IMAGE MICROSCOPY TECHNIQUES. THE TECHNIQUES WILL ENABLE DIRECT MEASUREMENTS OF RECEPTOR CONCENTRATION ON A CELL-BY-CELL BASIS. THIS IS AN IMPROVEMENT OVER THE CURRENT BIOCHEMICAL ASSAYS, WHICH GIVE ONLY AN AVERAGE VALUE FOR RECEPTOR CONCENTRATION. THE QUANTITATIVE AS ...

THE PRIME LONG-TERM OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO UPDATE, ENHANCE, AND DISTRIBUTE TWO COMPUTER PROGRAMS UTILIZING THE UNIQUE MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES DEVELOPED BY THE PSYCHOLOGIST ROBERT TRYON WITH NIH SUPPORT DURING THE 1960S. ONE LONG-TERM GOAL IS TO PRODUCE AN ENHANCED ALL-FORTRAN VERSION OF A MAIN BCTRY82 SYSTEM, PORTABLE TO MOST LARGE COMPUTERS. A SECOND LONG-TERM GOAL IS TO PRODUCE ...

CYTOMEGALOVIRUS (CMV), A MEMBER OF THE HERPES VIRUS GROUP, IS PRESENT IN THE BLOOD OF A LARGE PORTION OF THE HUMAN POPULATION. ADMINISTRATION OF THIS BLOOD TO HIGH-RISK PATIENTS MAY RESULT IN DEATH. ENZO PROPOSES THE DEVELOPMENTOF A QUICK, SPECIFIC, EASY AND ECONOMICAL DIAGNOSTIC TEST, BASED ON NONRADIOACTIVE DNA-DNA HYBRIDIZATION, TO DIRECTLY SCREEN HUMAN BLOOD FOR CMV. PHASE I DEVELOPMENT WILL B ...

THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN TUMOR COLONY FORMING ASSAYS (HTCFA) HAS OPENED NEW POSSIBILITIES FOR BASIC AND CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH. HOWEVER, THE PERFORMANCE OF THE DOUBLE-LAYER AGAR TECHNIQUE CURRENTLY USED BY THE MAJORITY OF INVESTIGATORS HAS BEEN GENERALLY LOW. IN THIS CONTRACT, WE PROPOSE THE FURTHER DEVELOPMENT OF AN ALTERNATIVE TECHNIQUE OF TUMOR CELL CLONING USING GLASS CAPILLARY TUBES INSTEAD ...

AMONG THE MAJOR DOSE-LIMITING TOXICITIES OF CURRENTLY USED ANTICANCER DRUGS ARE THOSE AFFECTING THE BONE MARROW, CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM, LUNGS, GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT AND THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. HOWEVER, HEMATOTOXICITIES CONSTITUTE THE MOST COMMON AND OFTEN MOST SIGNIFICANT SIDE EFFECT OF THE MAJORITY OF AGENTS. WE PROPOSE THE FURTHER DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF IN VITRO SYSTEMS FOR HUMAN MYELO ...

ADVANCES IN MEDICAL CARE HAVE ALLOWED A GREATER NUMBER OF NEONATES TO SURVIVE. THE RESULT HAS BEEN AN INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF INFANTS AT RISK FOR LATER INTELLECTUAL RETARDATION. HAPPILY, 80 TO 90% OF HIGH-RISK INFANTS ARE INTELLECTUALLY NORMAL LATER IN LIFE. UNFORTUNATELY, NO VALID SCREENING DEVICE FOR DIFFERENTIATING INFANTS WHO WILL LATER BE INTELLECTUALLY NORMAL FROM THOSE WHO WILL BE RETARDE ...

USING A FOSTER CARE MODEL, THIS RESEARCH WILL ESTABLISH A PROTOTYPE WITHIN THE PRIVATE BUSINESS SECTOR FOR OVERNIGHT RESPITE PROVISION IN PRIVATE RESIDENCES TO FRAIL OLDER ADULTS. AS NONINSTITUTIONAL SETTINGS BECOME THE PREFERRED CHOICE FOR OLDER ADULTS, DEPENDENT ADULTS AND THEIR CAREGIVERS (FAMILIES OR EQUIVALENT) INCREASINGLY UTILIZE COMMUNITY RESOURCES TO EASE CAREGIVER BURDEN AND STRESS WHICH ...

THIS PROGRAM IS AIMED AT DEVELOPING A COMMERCIAL SYSTEM INCORPORATING ADVANCED ULTRASONIC TECHNIQUES FOR IMPROVED DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT PLANNING, AND TREATMENT MONITORING IN THE EYE AND ORBIT. THE SYSTEM WILL INCLUDE FACILITIES FOR ACQUIRING DIGITIZED SAMPLES OF ECHO SIGNALS, PROCESSING THEM, AND COMPARING RESULTS TO DATA FROM KNOWN DISEASED STATES. OF MOST INTEREST IS THE EXAMINATION AND CLASSIFIC ...