Award Data

PARTIAL OXIDATION REACTIONS ARE VERY IMPORTANT ROUTES TO CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS. A SIGNIFICANT FRACTION OF ALL CATALYTIC PROCESSES ARE OXIDATION REACTIONS AND THERE IS A PRESSING DEMAND TO IMPROVE YIELD AND REDUCE WASTE BYPRODUCTS IN THE SYNTHESIS OF A WIDE VARIETY OF SPECIALTY CHEMICALS. IN RECENT RESEARCH BREAK-THROUGHS, CERAMIC MONOLITHS HAVE BEEN USED IN PARTIAL OXIDATION PROCESSES TO CATALYZE V ...

FIELD TRACKING OF SMOKE AND OBSCURANT CLOUDS FROM FOREST FIRES OR VOLCANOES REQUIRES DETERMINATION OF THE TWO-DIMENSIONAL CLOUD EXTENT SHOWN IN VISIBLE IMAGES SCANNED FROM VARIOUS ANGLES ABOUT THE CLOUDS. AT THE PRESENT TIME, TWO-DIMENSIONAL CLOUD EXTENT IS DETERMINED BY AN OPERATOR WHO MANUALLY LOCATES POINTS ON THE CLOUD PERIMETER-A PROCEDURE WHICH HAS BEEN FOUND TO BE EXPENSIVE, TIME CONSUMING ...

THE USE OF BIOREMEDIATION PROCEDURES TO TREAT ORGANIC WASTES CONTAINING CHLORINATED SOLVENTS OR CONCENTRATED ORGANICS PROVIDES AN EFFECTIVE METHOD OF REDUCING SUBSURFACE CONTAMINATION. HOWEVER, THE TRANSITION OF MICROBIALLY MEDIATED BIODEGRADATION FROM LABORATORY STUDIES TO FIELD-BASED METHODS HAS BEEN HAMPERED BY METHODOLOGICAL LIMITATIONS RELATED TO THE INABILITY TO VERIFY THE ACTIVITY AND TYPE ...

N/A

N/A

N/A

WAVEGUIDES ARE USED TO TRANSMIT LIGHT THROUGH OPTICAL PROCESSORS. COMBINING THE RESOLUTION POTENTIAL OF DEEP-UV PHOTOLITHOGRAPHY AND THE EXTREME SENSITIVITY/HIGH CONTRAST OF CHEMICALLY AMPLIFIED POSITIVE ACTING (CAMP) RESISTS OFFERS A POTENTIALLY SIMPLE METHOD FOR FABRICATING HIGHLY RESOLVED, POLYMERIC WAVEGUIDES STRUCTURES. CAMP RESISTS CAN BE MATED WITH OTHER CLADDING MATERIALS WITH LOWER REFR ...

PIEZORESISTIVE PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS FORM THE BASIS OF MANY TYPES OF SENSORS, INCLUDING STRAIN GAUGES, MICROMACHINED ACCELEROMETERS AND PRESSURE SENSORS, TACTILE SENSORS, AND FLOW SENSORS. AS GREATER DEMANDS ARE PLACED ON DEVICES FROM THE STAND-POINT OF SIZE AND COST PER CONTROLLED POINT, EASIER METHODS OF PROCESSING WHICH CAN PRODUCE SMALLER DEVICES WITH GREATER PERFORMANCE ARE REQUIRED. RESE ...

IN THE FIELD OF COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS (CFD), A MULTIZONAL APPROACH GREATLY SIMPLIFIES THE RESOLUTION OF COMPLEX GEOMETRICAL DETAILS AND THE APPLICATION OF DIFFERENT FLOW PHYSICS IN DIFFERENT ZONES OF THE FLOW DOMAIN. PREVIOUS MULTI-ZONAL PATCHED AND OVERLAPPED APPROACHES SUFFERED FROM ONE OR BOTH OF THE FOLLOWING PROBLEMS: CONSERVATION AND GENERALITY. A NEW APPROACH TO RESOLVE BOTH OF THE ...

Conventional methods for detecting traces of chemical warfare agents require: (a) collection of air, soil, or water samples, (b) analytical laboratory operations, such as chemical separation, to isolate suspected agents, and (c) laboratory analysis. Typically, this process may take days or weeks. Such long time lags and the inherent cost of labor intensive laboratory analysis are serious obstacles ...