Award Data

The use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect contaminants such as solvents, fuels, and pesticides in soil and water samples is now well established. Although ELISA and related methods can facilitate analysis of samples, several washing and separation steps are involved that require 30 to 120 minutes per sample to reach equilibrium. Recently, near infrared fluorescence immunoassa ...

Major improvements in process control, compliance monitoring, and objective environmental decisionmaking could be made if accurate, rugged, and affordable sensors were available. Of particular interest are environmental sensors that can continuously and quantitatively determine both toxic metal vapor emissions and organic compound emissions from complex matrix sources such as power plants, incine ...

Inorganic color pigments based on hazardous metals such as chromium, mercury, cobalt, lead, etc., account for more than 95% of the U.S. and worldwide pigments consumption. Color pigments are commonly used by numerous industries and in various consumer products. It is estimated that they are one of the largest vehicles of heavy metal-based chemicals in commerce. A technology that can provide a co ...

The photographic industry consumes about 70 million troy ounces of silver annually. The technology used to recover the silver from concentrated solution is more than 40 years old. However, investigators project that, based on industry experience, as much as 20% of this silver is lost in the wash water and goes unrecovered. The toxicity of silver in the effluent is a growing concern in the United ...

A number of industrial processes generate wastewater with mercury contamination. Existing cleanup processes have difficulties in achieving low mercury discharge limits, especially in the presence of competing metal ions already below their discharge limits. Commercial ion exchange media are not selective for mercury, so other metal ions compete with mercury for binding sites. Consequently, excess ...

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Developments in on-site spent solvent recovery have implications for reducedenvironmental pollution in the dry cleaning, furniture and paint manufacturingindustries as well as in a range of commercial services. Effluents from solventrecovery operations include fugitive emissions, vent stack gases and water/solvent mixtures. At present, the scale of solvent-recovery operations incertain industrie ...