Award Data

Major improvements in process control, compliance monitoring, and environmental decisionmaking could be made if more accurate, less costly, more rugged techniques were available for continuous monitoring of multiple gas phase pollutants. As part of the solution, Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy is emerging as a promising Field Analytical Method (FAM) for multiple gas monitoring. H ...

Chlorinated hydrocarbons represent the most prevalent contaminants of groundwater in the country. When released in the subsurface, they tend to persist below the water table, and it can take decades or centuries before slow-moving groundwater completely dissolves accumulations of chlorinated solvent product. Analytical methods currently available for monitoring these compounds require extensive ...

Heavy metal species mobilized and released into the environment by technological activities tend to persist indefinitely, circulating and eventually accumulating throughout the food chain, posing a serious threat to the environment, animals, and humans. Typical industrial metal-containing discharges can be considered as point-source emissions, which in turn offer the possibility of feasible remed ...

Current methods of testing water supplies for Cryptosporidium parvum are inadequate. The lack of a reliable test led the EPA to postpone enactment of its Information Collection Rule for 2 years. The rule was recently enacted, despite any further development in testing methodologies. The EPA-approved test detects between 5% and 21% of the total Cryptosporidium known to be present in a sample. Thi ...

A number of industrial processes generate wastewater with mercury contamination. Existing cleanup processes have difficulties in achieving low mercury discharge limits, especially in the presence of competing metal ions already below their discharge limits. Commercial ion exchange media are not selective for mercury, so other metal ions compete with mercury for binding sites. Consequently, excess ...

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The flue gases of combustion-type power plants contain small, respirable ash andfume particles which originate from the inorganic species in the fuel. Coalburning power plants, for example, have a notorious reputation for spewing outflue gas particles originating from the mineral mater in the coal. These fluegas particles (10 microns in diameter) must be characterized for two reasons:1) to deter ...

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