Award Data

41068 November 20, 1996 Aerodyne Research, Inc. Scintillation phosphors, materials commonly used in particle detectors, emit a photon of light when struck by a subatomic particle, and the light flashes are counted as an indicator of atomic decay. This project will explore the feasibility of monitoring tritium by using an ultra low density (milligrams per ...

65821 Aircraft measurements of ammonia and nitric acid can provide critical information on the sources and sinks of these atmospheric nitrogen species. This is important in understanding air quality, aerosol formation, visibility, and the impact of energy production and usage on global climate change. This project will develop a compact tunable infrared laser differential absorption spectro ...

70814 Measurements of atmospheric concentrations of CO2 and CO from aircraft and remote sites play a central role in strategies for quantifying the sources and sinks of carbon and for controlling global warming from greenhouse gas emissions. A highly sensitive, automated, and robust sensor for CO2 and CO is needed for this purpose. This project will develop an instrument to measure CO2 ...

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THE AVAILABILITY OF HIGH INTENSITY, SYNCHROTRON SOURCES TO PRODUCE HIGH FLUX, MONOCHROMATIC X-RAY BEAMS HAS RESULTEDIN IMPORTANT ADVANCES IN THE STUDY AND DETERMINATION OF THE STRUCTURE OF LARGE, FRAGILE BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES. ALTHOUGH THESE SOURCES REPRESENT A MAJOR ADVANCE IN TECHNOLOGY, AT PRESENT THERE ARE NO LARGE AREA DETECTORS WITH BOTH THE HIGH FLUX CAPABILITY AND GOOD SPATIAL RESOLUTI ...

POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY (PET) IS A NON-INVASIVE MEDICAL IMAGING TECHNIQUE, WHICH PROVIDES AN IMAGE OF A POSITRON EMITTING RADIO PHARMACEUTICAL AND ITS DISTRIBUTION IN THE BODY ON A METABOLIC LEVEL. AT THE PRESENT TIME, THE PERFORMANCE OF THIS INSTRUMENT IS LIMITED BY THE NUCLEAR SENSORS USED. RESEARCHERS HAVE DEVELOPED A PROMISING DUAL DETECTOR CONCEPT FOR GENERATING HIGH RESOLUTION POSITRO ...

SILICON AVALANCHE PHOTODIODES (APDS) HAVE BEEN SHOWN TO BE NEARLY AN IDEAL REPLACEMENT FOR PHOTOMULTIPLIER TUBES (PMTS) IN SCINTILLATION DETECTION APPLICATIONS. HOWEVER, BECAUSE OF THEIR GREAT EXPENSE (TYPICALLY APDS COST TEN TIMES AS MUCH AS AN EQUIVALENT PMT) APDS HAVE NOT BEEN WIDELY USED. THE HIGH COST OF APDS IS DUE TO THE LOW YIELD, LABOR-INTENSIVE MANUFACTURING PROCESS USED TO PRODUCE THE ...

THE OVERALL PERFORMANCE AND USEFULNESS OF SCINTILLATOR DETECTORS ARE OFTEN LIMITED BY THE EFFICIENCY OF LIGHT COLLECTION BY THE PHOTOSENSOR USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH THEM. MOST SCINTILLATORS THAT EMIT IN THE ULTRAVIOLET REGION (UV) HAVE NOT BEEN FULLY EXPLOITED, CHIEFLY DUE TO THE DIFFICULTY OF MEASURING THE LIGHT OUTPUT IN THAT RANGE. FOR EXAMPLE, BAF2 IS AN ATTRACTIVE SCINTILLATION DETECTOR FOR ...

THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO DEVELOP A NEW TYPE OF LARGE AREA POSITION SENSITIVE NEUTRON DETECTOR FOR USE IN DIFFRACTION STUDIES. THE DETECTOR WOULD USE A LIQUID CRYSTAL SENSING MECHNISM TO PROVIDE A LARGE AREA HIGH RESOLUTION (COMPARABLE TO PHOTOGRAPHIC METHODS) DETECTORS WHICH WOULD BE INEXPENSIVE TO PRODUCE. TO DEMONSTRATE THE FEASIBILITY OF THIS CONCEPT IN PHASE I, SEVERAL TECHNICAL A ...

65526 Current and next generation experiments in nuclear and particle physics require detectors with high spatial resolution, fast response, and accurate energy information. However, in many nuclear physics experiments, the existing detector technology is the limiting factor. This project will develop a position-sensitive silicon avalanche photodiode that can be produced in large area a ...