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High performance steels were developed in a cooperative program between the Federal Highway Administration (FHA), the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI), and the U.S. Navy Carderock Division of the Naval Surface Warfare Center. HPS70W high strength steel is currently being used in bridge structures. HPS is stronger than conventional 70W steel and has less than 15% of the sulfur and 60% of th ...

Biofuels from agricultural sources is one component of the strategy for achieving energy independence. Specifically, bio-butanol is a more attractive fuel than bio-ethanol because it:provides better gas mileage;achieves higher blends with gasoline than bioethanol;runs in existing engines;has greater compatibility with existing fuel infrastructure;is less volatile than ethanol;is more amenable to t ...

In a large portion of the population the strong desire to eat sweet foods is a major contributing factor leading to overweightness and obesity, and the concomitant predisposition to diabetes diseases. Low calorie sweeteners like Saccharin, Aspartame, Cyclamate and Acesulfame K are popular with patients affected by diseases caused by the consumption of sugar, e.g. diabetes, hyperlipemia, caries, ob ...

The project team is developing a prototype of the LightSide Revision Assistant, a web-based writing program for students in grades 6 to 8. The product will include an interface where students write essays and receive instant and automatic feedback, including in-line comments. Feedback will support students using an iterative revision and reflection process when writing, in contrast with existing t ...

The project team is developing a prototype of Happy Atoms, a game to support middle school students in learning about the composition of molecules. Happy Atoms will include physical manipulative balls with embedded magnets wirelessly connected to a tablet application (app) to recognize whether or not the created molecule exists and explain why or why not. The app will also include teacher resource ...

Physical vulnerability, visual impairment, mobility limitations, and cognitive disorders can make selecting a safe & accessible walking route very challenging for many older adults. Familiar online mapping & wayfinding services can be helpful, but they do not answer important questions about the built environment that older & disabled adult face on a daily basis. What are the sidewalks like alon ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The current industry standard for predicting contact dermal sensitization is the murine Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA). A significant limitation of the LLNA is the frequency of false positives, as well as the occurrenceof false negatives. This limitation occurs as a result of the LLNA inability to always correctly distinguish between substances that are strongly ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Asthma is a chronic disease with considerable morbidity and no cures. Symptomatic treatment is efficacious but produces significant adverse effects. Thus, improved, targeted therapies for asthma are needed. Asthma develops when T cells (CD4+) differentiate to effector T cells, which secrete cytokines that assist in the recruitment and proliferation of various i ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Botulinum toxin is one of the six categories of pathogens that have been designated as Category A Select Agents by the Centers for Disease Control. The toxin, which is generally acknowledged to be the most potent biological poison known, enters the body and acts on peripheral cholinergic nerve endings to cause paralysis of transmission. In seriously poisoned pa ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Lyme disease (LD) is the most commonly reported tick-borne illness in the United States. According to the recent Center for Disease Control and Prevention report, approximately 300,000 Lyme cases are diagnosed each year. If left untreated, the infection spreads to joints, the heart and the nervous system. In most cases, infections and associated symptoms are el ...