Award Data

The US Department of Energy (DOE)s networking cyber infrastructures are experiencing a massive explo- sion of data volumes because of emerging e-science applications to support high-energy physics, astrophysics, genomics, climate modeling, large-scale science collaborations, etc. The same is true for other networks around the world to support smart devices, big data applications, social ne ...

This Small Business Innovation Research proposal presents AutoPHY, an autonomous, virtualized layer 0 interconnection service for data centers and cloud computing. The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) stack representing the Internet infrastructure consists of layers 0 to 7. Today all layers can be automatically configured and managed through software, with the exception ...

The interconnect networks of datacenters and extreme scale high performance computers (HPC) will require a bandwidth density, in terms of connections per area, that cannot practically be met with todays optical transceiver technology. The push for high-radix connectivity in combination with an ever increasing amount of data transported on these advanced networks requires increasing num ...

The availability and continued growth of High Performance Computing (HPC) is opening new avenues for complex physics based software simulations. The usage of HPC is particularly important in high-fidelity Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) a branch of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) of multi-physics engineering problems such as the development of more efficient and less polluting advanced energy ...

High energy (30-90 keV) x-rays are critical for exploring failure modes of lightweight structural materials and for determining the details on atomic bonding in crystalline materials being developed for catalytic and energy storage applications. Detectors for the x-ray diffraction patterns from these high-energy x-rays must have a combination of good efficiency and good spatial resolution. Current ...

Advances in soft X-ray detector technology have enabled higher count rates while maintaining high spectral resolution. These new superconducting detectors share the common form of a pixilated active area that must be operated in the milli-Kelvin temperature range below the boiling temperature of liquid helium. Because the cryogenic detectors are under high vacuum and must be able to sense ambien ...

X-ray microtomography (with resolution of ~1 m) is used for studying the fine structures of geological materials, crack propagation, and aging effects. Microtomography is typically performed at synchrotron beamlines by imaging structures on high-resolution scintillators, with subsequent optical magnification of micron-scale features onto charge-coupled device (CCD) cameras. The resolution of the s ...

The performance and productivity of DOE synchrotron systems is hindered due to focusing limitations from imperfections in the mirror surfaces. The ability to manufacture higher quality mirrors is directly limited by the accuracy and efficiency of the systems used to measure them. Currently available measurement methods do not provide the manufacturing feedback or quality control to allow efficien ...

The exploration of the structure, composition and bonding states at the nanoscale are key to the understanding of advanced materials. Transmission electron microscopes have been widely used to study materials under high spatial resolution, and when equipped with electron energy-loss spectrometers, can provide elemental composition and identify bonding states with atomic resolution. Currently, the ...

Remarkable advances in the emerging field of Ultrafast Electron Microscopy (UEM) have permitted atomic- resolution imaging and diffraction studies of dynamic processes with a temporal resolution measured in femtoseconds. However, limitations with femtosecond electron sources in brightness and pulse duration have prevented this technique from achieving its full potential. A higher performance ele ...