Award Data

75521S Radio frequency (RF) cavities are a key component in particle accelerators for fundamental high-energy physics research and medical applications. To enhance their capabilities, niobium-coated superconducting copper cavities have shown promise for supporting higher electric field gradients when compared to non-superconducting designs. However, a satisfactory coating method has not been de ...

78840S05 Superconducting radio frequency (RF) accelerator cavities are traditionally constructed from pure Niobium metal. However, niobium is expensive and difficult to manufacture, leading to increased material and fabrication costs. Compounding the cost problem is the fact that the majority of the superconductor is wasted because the majority of the material is used to meet the mechanical stre ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We are developing means to reduce errors in Dipole Source Localization (DSL). DSL is commonly used to analyze brain waves for clinical and research purposes. It is known from our work and the work of others that the models used to compute the DSL are not perfect, but it is not known how much the imperfect models affect the solutions obtained. Based upon our ...

78676 Fusion energy has the potential of providing significant electrical power in the future, reducing U.S. dependence on dwindling oil supplies. A critical aspect of developing inertial fusion energy, as well as enabling high-energy-density physics studies, is the ability to tightly focus intense, high-energy ion beams. Recent studies have shown that the stringent focusing requirements can be ...

78647 Three-dimensional seismic imaging is a computationally-intensive technology that has allowed the success ratio of exploratory oil and gas wells to increase from 20% to 80%. This project will develop technology for identifying, predicting, and monitoring factors to increase the efficiency of this process. Specifically, given a parallel program executing on a homogeneous or heterogeneous clu ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The small GTP binding protein superfamily (consisting of small, monomeric GTP hydrolyzing proteins or GTPases) regulates diverse cellular processes including gene expression, cellular proliferation, cytoskeletal reorganization, vesicle trafficking, and nucleocytoplasmic transport. Activated point mutants of Ras GTPases have been found in over 30% of all human ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recent evidence suggests that the primary cause of Alzheimer's disease is the progressive accumulation of neurotpxic oligomeric assemblies of the Abeta 1-42 protein. These neurotoxic oligomeric species are known as ADDLs (Ab-derived diffusible ligands). In Tg2576 AD mice, a transgenic Alzheimer's disease animal model, memory performance declines as ADDL levels ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The molecular and cellular details underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD) are being defined at an accelerating pace, leading to new therapeutic discovery efforts that target reduction of A-beta or ADDLs (A-beta-derived diffusible ligands), the neurotoxic oligomeric assemblies of A-beta 1-42. Elevated ADDL levels correlate with synaptic dysfunction, and the appear ...

The purpose of the project is to facilitate the acquisition and linking of data from the Centers for Medicare and Medicare Services (CMS) to participants of surveys and registries sponsored by NIA and relate federal agencies, and to promote the use of these data for research and public policy. The intent is to create an infrastructure that will reduce the expense and time required to obtain, creat ...

75903-Neutron radiography, which uses nuclear reactors and accelerators as sources of neutrons, has been demonstrated to be an excellent method for imaging high-density, thick objects for the detection of corrosion, voids, and cracks, particular in nuclear power plants. Unfortunately, no high brightness neutron sources exist that are portable, inexpensive and capable of neutron radiography in sho ...