Award Data

Atmospheric aerosol plays an important role in climate and climate change, reduced visibility in urban areas, heterogeneous atmospheric reactions, and acid rain production. Fine aerosol from combustion sources is believed to be an important risk factor for cardiopulmonary disease and mortality. The Phase I objective is to examine the feasibility of producing an inexpensive, compact, robust laser-b ...

Certain weapons produce blast waves capable of trauma to gas-filled organs. There is an immediate need for a blast mitigation jacket to prevent lung damage when training with such weapons, and a similar need for combatants. Our first objective in PhaseII is to complete the research and development of fundamental blast mitigation concepts developed during Phase I. During Phase I, we used analyti ...

There is an identified need within the Military Health System for physicians to spend no more than 15 minutes with each patient during routing outpatient appointments. The collection of administrative and medical data as well as the collection ofinformation for diagnosis and treatment (by the provider) from sources other than the patient detract significantly from the time the physician can devot ...

There is an obvious and urgent incentive to improve the abilities of military leaders. The problem we address in this proposal is how to provide useful training in a simulated decision environment, in order to improve the situation awareness of leaders.There also appears to be a move towards more distributed command and control, thus, the need is to provide training that will help commanders buil ...

This SBIR will perform research leading to design, prototyping, and feasibility demonstration of an Inactive RF Tag made with a Radio Frequency Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (RF-MEMS) as a means to provide power scavenging in a power poor environmentfound in underground missile storage areas. The research will develop the use of RF-MEMS switches in conjunction with RF MEMS sensors as a means t ...

The oxo process is an important method of converting inexpensive olefins into valuable oxygenated building blocks. As a result, almost 10 million tons of oxo chemicals are synthesized annually worldwide. All oxo plants produce a reactor purge gas stream that contains 1-2 percent of the feedstocks entering the reactor. This purge gas usually is flared, and the residual feedstocks are lost. Membrane ...

Methane is an important global warming gas. Large amounts of methane and other light hydrocarbons are produced as solution gas in the production of oil, and as biogas from landfills and animal feedlots. Some of this gas is emitted directly to the atmosphere, some is flared, and some (from the very largest sources) is used as fuel in specially modified turbines or engines to generate electricity. T ...

Ships generate large volumes of bilge and ballast water which, to meet new environmental regulations, will require treatment prior to overboard discharge. Such wastewaters contain high levels of emulsified and free-phase oil and suspended solids. Treatment by ultrafiltration can produce dischargeable water, but all currently available membranes are finely porous and only moderately hydrophilic. Th ...

Three challenges must be addressed in order to develop efficient hardware compression of video data for Distributed Interactive Simulation: (1) 10 microsecond latency requires supercomputer power; (2) the compression algorithm must be developed carefullyin order to preserve low latency and high image quality at the same time; (3) asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) interfaces must be optimized to se ...

Accurate and timely measurement of the developing environment toxicity is of great importance for general pollution control and for military operations. Biosensors, which are based on a combination of biological sensing element and an electronic signaltransducer, are finding a wide spread use in the environment toxicity measurements. Standard statistical approaches used commonly in the analysis of ...