Award Data

A lack of extreme angular metrology accuracy better than 50 nrad is limiting progress in molecular characterization by x-ray diffraction for important industrial fields such as material science and biotechnology. If we want to advance these fields, a high-accuracy angle generator for characterizing the metrology device across its entire measuring range must be a part of the national metrology tool ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant The goal of this project is to increase reading motivation engagement and proficiency in struggling readers Literacy is essential to academic success responsible citizenship and optimal health through the lifespan Research has shown that the motivation to read in the early grades is a significant predictor of later literacy outcoms an effect largely medi ...

The broader impact/commercial potential of this Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I project is provided by a novel data processing architecture, utilizing high-parallel in-memory computing for certain recurring and data intensive functions. Traditional computer architecture funnels all data through the CPU. Multiple CPU cores and very high clock frequencies are often used to address ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant As a highly used model organism Caenorhabditis elegans C elegans worms offer a wide range of possibilities for scientific research With advantages including but not limited to easy maintenance and handling forward and reverse genetic manipulability and a fully mapped nervous system connectome of neurons C elegans offer a high throughput alternati ...

Abstract It has become evident that the microvasculaturei emicroscopically small blood vesselsplays a critical role in the plasticity of the brain for fundamental processesineurogenesisiimigration of neuronal precursors to their final destination in the brainiiiaxonaldendritic and synaptic plasticity during brain developmentlearningaging and neurodegenerationandivrecovery from traumatic brain inju ...

Abstract This project aims to develop a novel systemSpines InvestigatorTMfor performing automated four dimensionalDquantitative analysis of changes in dendritic spine morphology on three dimensionalDmicroscopic images acquired with in vivo multiphoton fluorescence microscopy at different time pointsThe role of dendritic spines is one of the most active and important areas of neuroscience researchP ...

We propose to research and develop a method and device for continuous monitoring of soil water flux that will enable more accurate delivery and efficient use of water in irrigated farming and landscaping applications, the importance and commercial value of which will continue growing with the increases of large-scale water shortages.Better understanding and monitoring of site, crop, and growth sta ...

According to a 2014 study commissioned by the Department of Energy, hydropower from more than 3 million untapped streams in the United States could potentially generate 65 gigawatts of electricity and help to reduce greenhouse emissions and pollution. However, the development of hydropower has been limited by several obstacles, as described by the United States Geological Survey: most of the prime ...

Supercritical CO2 cycles have the potential to significantly improve efficiency and reduce emissions in power generation. However, the unique fluid dynamic properties of supercritical CO2 that enable these higher efficiencies also complicate the design and layout of the system, particularly its turbomachinery components. The problem stems specifically from the highly non-linear properties of CO2, ...

Letters from leading researchers of subsurface hydrobiogeochemical processes, including Department of Energy researchers, confirm the need for low-cost, rugged distributed temperature sensing. Temperature and thermal gradients are critical drivers and state variables in many important subsurface hydrobiogeochemical processes, as well as indicators of hydrologic phenomena. In addition to helping un ...