Award Data

As increasing individuals and organizations move their activities and services into online, network performance problems resulting in slow data communication speed becomes the significant obstacle for satisfactory user experience. Currently, there is a lack of a fully automated tool that can help network users to find the complicated network problems that degrade the performance of network applica ...

Statement of the problem: If high‐quality phase shifters can be made rapidly and inexpensively, it will enable substantial improvements in free electron lasers (FELs) performance and benefit the exploration of atomic and molecular science. X‐ray FELs now use permanent magnetic undulators to produce x‐ray light by wiggling high‐ energy bunches of electrons in alternating magnetic fields, wi ...

Determination of soil gas concentrations and isotopologue ratios are a critical tool in plant, microbial and ecosystem ecology, hydrology, biogeochemistry studies, and interrogation of environmental remediation. In addition, the most abundant elements utilized and exchanged by plants, microbes and ecosystems are carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O) and nitrogen (N), all of which respond to redox c ...

Techniques such as high‐energy x‐ray microscopy and Bragg coherent diffraction imaging are being developed. These techniques provide unique structural information at the micro‐ and nano‐scale for the discovery of novel materials. However, due to the limitations of suitable detectors, these techniques are severely limited when applied at high x‐ray energies (> 30 keV). In particular, thes ...

The goal of this Phase I SBIR project is to demonstrate the feasibility of a x-ray beam profile imaging system with a pixel size of less than 50 μm, transparency better than 90% for monochromatic beams >5keV in addition to fast feedback, flux response and dynamic range. Furthermore, the monitor will include real time digital data acquisition and feedback controls with an ability to measure 107 ph ...

Powerful tools, including the TAU Performance SystemQR , exist to collect, visualize, and analyze performance data about HPC applications. However, usability issues with traditional HPC programming languages, li- braries, and frameworks are pushing users to newer, higher-level frameworks for specialized purposes, such as deep learning and data analytics. HPC systems, including leadership Departmen ...

Understanding the genomic basis of economically important plants for growth time, crop yield, responses to drought and disease resistance is of critical importance to sustaining and improving food supplies for humans and livestock, as well as insuring sufficient raw material availability for industries that depend on plant materials, such as biofuel manufacture. Current computational methods for a ...

Separations often account for a majority of process costs. This is because all traditional separation processes have inherent weaknesses that prevent the system from achieving perfect (or even near perfect in many instances) selectivity. These weaknesses result in large recycle streams and require multiple separation units in concert in order to produce a product clean enough for use or sale. An a ...

The successful operation of superconducting magnets requires high-performance epoxy that is mechanically strong, electrically insulated, cryogenically compatible and chemically compatible with other superconducting magnet components. For high energy physics (HEP) applications, the epoxy must also be radiation resistant to survive the particle radiation environment. Recent rapid developments in mag ...

We have been witnessed the Industroyer power grid cybersecurity attack in Ukraine’s power system in which attackers controlled the substation’s circuit breakers and protection relays. In 2018, CyberwarCon forum in Washington, DC reported that a variety of hacker groups (e.g., Russian Energetic Bear) have been targeting to the U.S. power grids. For defending these attacks, grid data integrity a ...