Award Data

Proposal Technical Abstract: Methane is an important greenhouse gas with a global warming potential 25-35 times that of carbon dioxide. There are many anthropogenic and natural sources of CH4, but emissions from the oil and gas industry are the largest contributor to the overall US methane budget of 650 million metric tons of CO2 equivalent. Identifying sources of methane emissions from oil and ga ...

The goal of this program is to develop purification, stoichiometry control, and crystal growth techniques to enable production of large volume scintillator detectors with exceptionally superior performance. The Phase I of this program will be focused on identification and optimization of processes and techniques that would enable growth of large diameter crystals. Phase I program will also investi ...

Statement of Problem & DOE/Public Interest: UV irradiation is a non-contact disinfection method which uses light at a sufficiently short wavelength to break down and kill infectious and nuisance microorganisms. Typically, large reactor tanks with UV emitting bulbs irradiate effluent at a maximum rate determined by the effectiveness of the UV spectrum of the bulb and the maximum power of the bulb. ...

Statement of Problem & DOE/Public Interest: Klystrons, magnetrons, and other vacuum tubes have traditionally been used for high power applications, but the increasing transition of low power amplifiers to solid-state has significantly reduced the industrial base. Very high power transistorized RF amplifiers are promising for future DOE accelerators, but their complexity and cost must be reduced an ...

Statement of the Problem or Situation that is Being Addressed: Improper disposal of mercury has resulted in contamination of soil, groundwater, and surface water at numerous DOE sites, including Oak Ridge Reservation and Savannah River site. Given the highly toxic nature of mercury, it is necessary to closely monitor concentrations in the environment to prevent unnecessary public exposure. The dev ...

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the major flue gases emitted from conventional power plants that burn coal as a fuel. Enormous CO2 emissions are direct cause of global warming. Practical conversion of waste CO2 into valuable fuels would partially “close the carbon loop” and can have significant environmental benefits. General statement of how this problem is being addressed. The overall objecti ...

Over the past decade, the use of multiphysics simulation – combining tools covering multiple physics disciplines together to generate advanced predictive codes – has surged as available computational power has grown. Many of these tools use “meshes” or “grids” to discretize their problem domains, and often, data must be transfered from one grid to another many times during a simulation ...

The planned “Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment” (DUNE), will become the premier High Energy Physics (HEP) Neutrino Physics research facility in the world, and will be constructed over the coming decade. DUNE and its associated short-baseline surface neutrino detectors will be enormous Liquid Argon T ime Projection Chambers, recording tracks from neutrino interaction secondary particles in ...

Hydraulic fracturing of oil and gas reservoirs has proven to be extremely productive but also expensive, uncertain, and carrying environmental risks. Part of the problem is the difficulty of mapping fracture networks while they form and as they evolve over the lifetime of the well, preventing a thorough understanding of the reservoir dynamics. Major issues include unproductive frac stages, migrati ...

To reduce anthropogenic methane emissions that contribute to climate change, in March 2014 the White House released the President’s Climate Action Plan’s Strategy to Reduce Methane Emissions wherein a Key Step is “Developing new measurement technologies, including lower-cost emissions sensing equipment.” At a subsequent Gas Processors Association meeting, Dr. Steve Chu, former US Secretary ...