Award Data

Efficient utilization of our nations fossil and renewable energy sources is a top priority to secure a sustainable energy future. Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) based power systems represent an emerging technology that have the potential to produce clean electric power at nearly twice the efficiency of small-scale combustion engines and to nearly eliminate the release of NOx and SOx to the environme ...

Conventional Li-ion cells/batteries for hybrid and electric vehicles have difficulty meeting USABC goals for performance/cost that are required for commercially-viable EV. The prevailing large format pouch/prismatic has the advantage of low packaging weight/volume, 10% at cell level, but is doubled (100% increase) in transitioning to the battery. Aside from the reduced energy density (accommodatio ...

Near-field scanning optical microscope (NSOM) offers the use of a nano-dimension light energy source with a diameter much smaller than the wavelength of light to achieve resolutions significantly (around 10 times) better than that of the usual optical microscope. NSOM has found wide usages and become an important measurement instrument for nano-technologies, nano-manufacturing, optical technologie ...

The quest for deepened understanding of the origin of the universe requires continued search for elementary particles, for which high-energy accelerators are necessary tools. Reducing the size, complexity, and cost for future accelerators is essential if they are ever to be built. New technologies that can underlie future accelerators are needed to meet these goals, including that proposed here. R ...

Mercury occurs naturally in rocks, soils, water, and air; anthropogenic sources of mercury, as a contaminant of concern, are found at 290 Superfund National Priority Sites. Thermal treatment, whether practiced above ground on contaminated materials removed from a site, or in ground, is highly effective in removing more than 90 % of mercury in place, depending on site-specific factors and temperatu ...

The quest for deepened understanding of the origin of the universe requires continued search for elementary particles, for which high-energy accelerators are necessary tools. Reducing the size, complexity, and cost for future accelerators is essential if they are ever to be built. New technologies that can underlie future accelerators are needed to meet these goals, including that proposed here. A ...

A 200 kW CW fundamental RF power coupler (FPC) with an adjustable in situ coupling factor would be highly desirable for a number of applications; for example, the 352 MHz light source at APS. The normal process of adjusting the coupling by rotational movement usually requires breaking the vacuum between the coupler and the RF cavity resulting in prolonged down-times and the risk of introducing con ...

Current and future synchrotron radiation light sources and free electron laser facilities are in need of improvements in Electron Gun Technology, especially regarding the cost and efficiency of photoinjectors. Novel electron gun features are needed to enhance the intensity and reduce the emittances of electron bunches produced at a high repetition rate using laser excitation. The generation of Sur ...

State of the art high intensity proton accelerators require the development of low cost, reliable RF sources with phase stability of less than 1 degree and amplitude control of +/- 15%. These power sources feed superconducting RF cavities for linacs capable of accelerating protons and ions up to several GeV. A two-stage phase-locked magnetron RF source based on the principle of reflection amplifie ...

The development of H- ion sources with performance exceeding those achieved today is a key requirement for the next generation of high power proton accelerators. Project X at Fermilab needs a CW H- Ion Source that satisfies demanding performance specifications: 10 mA CW beam current with normalized transverse rms emittance 0.2 mm mrad, fast chopping capability, fast intensity variation, and long ...