Award Data

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THE PRODUCTION OF COMMERCIALLY IMPORTANT CHEMICAL FEEDSTOCKSBY MICROBIAL FERMENTATION IS HINDERED BY THE INABILITY TO MONITOR THE ONSET OF PRODUCT AND/OR BYPRODUCT FORMATION. SINCE MANY MICROORGANISMS UTILIZING GLUCOSE AS A SUBSTRATE GENERATE CARBOXYLIC ACIDS, AN "IN SITU" ORGANIC ACID SENSOR WOULD BE A VALUABLE ADDITION TO ANY BIOREACTOR DESIGN. THROUGH THE USE OF A MULTIPHASE POTENTIODYNAMIC WAV ...

A NOVEL MATERIAL, BISMUTH GERMANATE [BI(4)GE(3)O(12), BGO] SINGLE CRYSTAL IS A PRIMARY SCINTILLATOR WITH A RADIATION LENGTH OF 1.12(4)CM. BGO POSSESSES MANY ADVANTAGES OVER PREVIOUSLY USED SCINTILLATION CRYSTAL NAI(T1), SUCH AS, LARGE AVERAGE ATOMIC NUMBER, STRONG RESISTANCE AGAINST X-RAY, STABILITY OF CHEMICAL PROPERTIES, NON-HYROSCOPIC NATURE AND MUCH SMALLER AFTERGLOW. BGO SCINTILLATORS HAVE FO ...

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THERE IS A PERCEIVED NEED TO DEVELOP ADVANCED INSTRUMENTATION TO ASSIST IN THE EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF COMBUSTION PROCESSES. AN INFRARED OPTICAL FIBER, EXHIBITING EXCELLENT TRANSMISSION OVER A WIDE WAVELENGTH REGION, REASONABLE FLEXIBILITY AND CAPABLE OF WITHSTANDING THE COMBUSTION ENVIRONMENT, COULD SERVE AS AN OPTICAL PROBE TO COUPLE THE INSTRUMENTATION INTO THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER. THIS PR ...

SILICON CARBIDE (SIC) IS AN EXCELLENT MATERIAL FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF HIGH RESOLUTION AND HIGH EFFICIENCY GRATINGS.GRATINGS MADE FROM THIS MATERIAL ARE PARTICULARLY SUITABLE FOR HOSTILE ENVIRONMENTS SUCH AS PLASMA FUSION EXPERIMENTS. THEY WOULD BE RESISTANT TO HIGH ENERGY RADIATION, BE CHEMICALLY INERT, HAVE A HIGH THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY AND A LOWTHERMAL EXPANSION COEFFICIENT, AND THEY ARE POLISHABL ...

"SMART" WINDOWS ARE UNDER STUDY FOR IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF HEATING AND COOLING IN BUILDINGS. SUCH WINDOWS WOULD HAVE A CONTINUOUSLY ADJUSTABLE OPTICAL DENSITY. AN ALL-SOLID-STATE THIN-FILM ELECTROCHROMIC MULTILAYER COATING ON GLASS OR PLASTIC MIGHT BE EMPLOYED TO CONSTRUCT SUCH A DEVICE. WORK IN THIS LABORATORY AND OTHERS HAVE IDENTIFIED A NEW CLASS OF MATERIALS, "REFLECTIVE ELECTROCHROMICS," ...

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TECHNOLOGY IS RAPIDLY DEVELOPING HERE AND AT WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION TO PROVIDE FAST PROFILING CONDUCTIVITY TEMPERATURE DENSITY (CTD) SYSTEMS. SENSOR DATAQUALITY AND PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY HAVE NOT KEPT PACE WITH VEHICLE DEVELOPMENT. THIS PROPOSAL OUTLINES APPROACHES TO ACHIEVE FAST RESPONSE, TIME CONSTANT MATCHING, SPECIAL COMPATIBILITY, AND AT-SEA CALIBRATION WITH NBS TRACEABLE STAND ...

MEMBRANE APPLICATIONS FOR GAS CLEANUP AND GAS SEPARATION HAVE BEEN LIMITED BECAUSE OF THEIR LOW FLUX, THE CHEMICAL RESISTANCE OF CURRENT MATERIALS, AND BECAUSE OF THEIR HIGH TEMPERATURE LIMITS. MEMBRANE PERMEATION RATE IS A FUNCTION OF THE CHEMICAL POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE ACROSS THE MEMBRANE ANDTHE PATH LENGTH. CORROSIVE MATERIALS SUCH AS FLUE EMISSIONS, SYNTHESIS GAS, AND HYDROGEN SULFIDE CREATE DIF ...