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DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Phenomenal advances in DNA sequencing technologies have enabled systematic identification of genetic variants in human individuals and the recent FDA marketing authorization of the first next generation genome sequencer signals the arrival of a new era of pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine Nevertheless DNA sequencing alone fails to provide complete i ...

Abstract Summary Nectome will create technologies to enable whole brain nanoscale preservation and imaging a vital step towards a deep understanding of the mind and of the brainandapos s diseases Current brain processing technologies compromise between whole brain applicability or nanoscale resolution our technologies will achieve both si multaneously Similar to the way that next generation ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant In it is estimated that there will be new bladder cancer cases in the United States resulting in deaths Most cases present with nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer NMIBC Intravesical bacillus Calmette Guerin BCG which elicits a nonspecific local immune response is considered the standard first line treatment However ...

Project Summary Crystallization followed by subsequent structure determination is a major step in understanding the structure function relationship of macromolecules Understanding macromolecule structure has become a key part in the development of new pharmaceuticals and is a major area of NIH research Crystallization however is also the rate limiting step despite technological efforts to a ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Anasys Instruments and Prof Lynne Taylor of Purdue propose to develop nanoscale chemical characterization capabilities for drug formulation research This project will build on successful Phase I research demonstrating feasibility of atomic force microscope based infrared spectroscopy AFM IR in pharmaceutical applications This Phase II research will advance ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Mass spectrometry has become a method of choice for identifying and characterizing small quantities of proteins in complex mixtures However the ability to perform the identification in a high throughput fashion has depended on the availability of high quality protein sequence databases This means that proteins from organisms with unsequenced or poorly sequen ...

Project Summary Medical imaging technologies such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) have been widely used in studying the underlying mechanisms of mental illnesses and neurological disorders such as brain tumors, Alzheimer’s disease, epilepsy, and depression, etc. However, PET and MRI scans are almost always ordered as separate studies on separate machine ...

There are currently no vaccines or therapeutics available for Marburg Virus Disease (MVD). Given the specter of weaponization and the terrible morbidity and high mortality rate of MVD, this represents a critical threat to the operational readiness of the Warfighter. While traditional vaccines have contributed greatly to public health, they have some limitations especially in the context of operati ...

In resource limited settings, rapid and accurate diagnosis of infections is critical for managing potential exposures to highly virulent pathogens, whether occurring from an act of bioterrorism or a natural event. This is especially important for hard to detect intracellular bacterial and alphavirus infections, that overlap symptomatically and often treated empirically due to a lack of reliable an ...

This Phase II proposal is a continuation of our successful Phase I grant whose overarching goal is to develop a more robust and accurate method for the deformable fusion of pre operative magnetic resonance images MRI and intra procedure trans rectal ultrasound TRUS images to guide prostate biopsy Prostate cancer is a major cause of death in the U S and biopsy is the gold standard for its dia ...