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Summary RNA synthesis technologies have become critical in basic biomedical research and in development of RNA based sensors diagnostics and therapeutics Currently RNAs are synthesized by either solid phase phosphoramidite chemistry or by transcription in solution with phage encoded RNA polymerases The structural diversity of chemically synthesized RNAs is limited by the availa ...

Abstract Caveolae at the endothelial cells surface can selectively rapidly and actively pump targeted antibodies out of the bloodstream and into underlying tissue in vivo even when they are conjugated to high molecular weight cargo Based on this exciting recent discovery we also found that caveolae pumping system enables unprecedented tumor specific targeting and penetration Taken together ...

Summary The use of mass spectrometry MS for quantitative protein characterization has increased dramatically identifying and quantifying thousands of proteins is no longer a heroic task nor is characterizing therapeutic proteins in detail Due to widely available software quantitative mass spectrometry has become routine and widely used for addressing questions in basic biology translational ...

Summary Technology for studying the higher order structure HOS of biomolecules encompasses some of the most important tools in all of science and is a highlighted NIGMS research topic Mass spectrometric methods for studying HOS include oxidative footprinting and other methods to covalently label amino acid side chain functional groups and also hydrogen deuterium exchange HDX on protein bac ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Overall Staphylococcus aureus is a gram positive bacteria which possesses a multitude of virulence factors It is a frequent and severe pathogen in hospitals and of increasing concern in the community where it results in severe skin infections pneumonia bacterial endocarditis and sepsis A significant proportion of these infections are the result of methici ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant One of the most complex forms of congenital heart disease hypoplastic left heart syndrome HLHS affects an average of in every newborns with a mortality rate of up to percent during the first year of life The overall goal f our research is to develop safe and effective ways to improve short term and long term survival rates in babies born with HL ...

Project Summary Abstract In the past decade laboratories around the world have produced tens of thousands of mutant transgenic and wild type zebrafish lines for a wide range of genetic and biomedical research Maintaining all of these valuable genotypes is expensive risky and beyond the capacity of even the largest stock centers Cryopreservation of zebrafish sperm eggs and embryos is vital ...

PROJECT ABSTRACT There are two big challenges to reducing the number of substance use disorders SUDs in the United States Almost of the million people who suffer from SUDs are never professionally diagnosed and never seek treatment and treatment for the small minority that does seek help is not very effective with relapse rates estimated to be between and within ...

PROJECT SUMMARY Ischemic heart disease IHD is the single largest cause of death worldwide A heart attack or myocardial infarction MI results from limitation of coronary blood flow to the heart causing ischemia and ultimately irreversible death of cardiomyocytes The size of a myocardial infarct correlates with the degree of deterioration of heart function compromise of contractile reserve ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Insulin resistance IR also known as metabolic syndrome is tied to obesity and is associated with numerous modern health problems including the growing problems of type diabetes and cardiovascular disease The growing health economic and social burdens of these conditions calls for the need to develop drug treatments for IR We know from multiple lines of ...