Award Data

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Evidence and theory indicate that laboratory measures of impairment and function do not predict how older adults actually function in daily life. Thomas Glass (1998), for example, reports marked differences between functional activities that community residents can do and do do in survey data from the MacArthur Studies of Successful Aging. Therefore, subst ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Acute lung injury (ALI) and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) are characterized by a rapid and severe respiratory failure, arising after clinical events including major surgery, trauma, multiple transfusions and sepsis. ALI/ARDS have an associated mortality of 40-80% and current pharmacological modalities have been unsuccessful in decreasing mortality. ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project was initiated to determine how Poloxamer-188 (P-188) improves cardiac function in ischemic heart failure (HF). While it is accepted that lack of oxygen (ischemia) results in tissue damage, the direct involvement of membrane injury in the progression of ischemic HF is a relatively novel concept. The long-term goal of this project is to establish a r ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This STTR program will test the utility of a low-cost device for noninvasive liver iron measurements, by using the device to determine the prevalence of iron overload in African Americans. African American iron overload is both an under-studied health issue in a medically underserved population, and an example of the wider problem of mild to moderate iron overl ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Over 1,437,180 patients were diagnosed with cancer in 2008; over half were solid tumors. Cancer patients experience a number of life-altering symptoms during chemotherapy. Treatments have become more aggressive, are administered in outpatient settings, and in patients' homes. Despite pretreatment supportive care regimens for anemia, neutropenia, nausea and vomi ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Patient Provider Communications will develop EloquenceTM based on data acquired from research conducted by the University of Michigan School of Nursing addressing the specific aims and hypothesis. This project extends the research team's preliminary findings on the development of technology to improve communication with critically ill patients using patient des ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Increasing evidence indicates that systemic inflammation and the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which becomes the target of overreacting or misguided immune cells that determine BBB failure and immune extravasations into the brain parenchyma, are involved in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases such as meningitis, inflammation, Alzheimer's disease, and multipl ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There is a compelling need to develop therapeutic approaches specifically designed to reduce neurological deficits after stroke. Human umbilical cord blood cells (HUCBCs) treatment dose-dependently improves functional outcome after stroke. UCBCs are associated with a lower risk of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and UCBCs are younger than adult bone marrow st ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Next generation neural probe technology must enable neuroscientists to bridge the gap between neurons and neuronal pools to fully understand the orchestrated 'temporal dynamics' of the brain. This will require high-density, stable recordings in longitudinal experiments. Similarly, next generation brain machine interfaces (BMI) must improve longevity and reliabi ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The liver is the site of many metabolic processes, including metabolism of xenobiotics such as pharmaceutical compounds. Drug metabolism is highly species specific and can vary significantly between individuals of the same species. To date no reliable experimental system capable of predicting the human-specific metabolic conversion of candidate small molecules ...