Award Data

Methamphetamine use disorder is associated with damage to regions of the brain that control cognitive and psychiatric functionOne third to one half of adults with methamphetamine use disorder experience cognitive impairments and other psychiatric symptoms that significantly impact treatment outcomesincreased relapse and lower treatment retention ratesMounting evidence demonstrates how immune facto ...

ABSTRACT African Americans have 22% higher incidence and 49% higher death rates from CRC than any other ethnic/racial group. Similarly, lower socioeconomic status (SES) is also associated with higher CRC incidence and mortality. Both of these groups are overrepresented in Medicaid populations. Screening colonoscopy is a cost-effective cancer prevention and control strategy, leading to CRC preventi ...

PROJECT SUMMARY Genomic instabilityinduced by DNA damageand partly mitigated by DNA repair and antioxidantsplays a critical role in the pathogenesis of many major human diseasessuch as neurodegenerationcancer and cardiovascular diseasetogether with agingThere is a critical need for automated assays that can perform these assessmentsand bring them into greater routine usewhich will help advance our ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Complete achromatopsia is an autosomal recessive inherited congenital disorder of retinal cone photoreceptors Patients with complete achromatopsia experience extreme light sensitivity and daytime blindness and best visual acuity under non bright light conditions is usually or worse and generally stable over time In addition to poor acuity hypersensit ...

GaN-based devices are the basis of a variety of modern electronics applications, especially in optoelectronics and high-frequency / high-power electronics. These devices are based on epitaxial films grown on single-crystal wafers. The single-crystal wafer substrates are limiting because of their size, expense, mechanical properties and availability. If one could make GaN-based devices over large a ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long term objective of this project is to enable elderly persons to independently live within their own homes later into their lives with the assurance that their safety and well-being can be remotely monitored by health care professionals. A critical component of remote health care monitoring is physically tracking the location of the patient within a livi ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goals of this proposal are to devise rapid serological tests that can replace the sputum smear test for the diagnosis of active TB and meets the WHO specifications to replace microscopy in resource-limited countries based on immunodominant peptides from three M. tb cell-wall proteins. Although direct smear microscopy is highly specific, the test is tedious, ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Osteoarthritis (OA) is the leading cause of chronic disability in the United States. A clinical goal in the treatment and prevention of OA is to develop replacement cartilage using tissue engineering (TE) technologies. Although TE cartilage presently lacks the mechanical stability of native cartilage, studies have demonstrated that mechanical stability can be e ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Strong evidence supports the notion that chemoprevention has the potential to be a major component of colorectal cancer control. The prevention of cancer depends heavily on the development of safe and effective agents. NSAIDs prevent colorectal cancer but have two major limitations that preclude their large-scale application to prevent colorectal cancer: a) sig ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Methamphetamine (MA) dependence is associated with neuropsychiatric side effects that make the addiction extremely challenging to treat. Patients seeking treatment experience ongoing impairments in cognition, mood, and motivation. Currently, there are no FDA-approved pharmacotherapies for MA dependence. The goal of this proof-of-concept research project is test ...