Award Data

THE OBJECTIVE OF OUR PROJECT IS TO DEVELOP NEW MEANS OF PRODUCING SHORT LIVED RADIOISOTOPES FOR POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY (PET). THIS MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUE IS CAPABLE OF DISCERNING AND IMAGING MEDICALLY INTERESTING PHENOMENA, SUCH AS THE ACTIVITY OF VARIOUS PARTS OF THE BRAIN, OXYGEN FLOW IN THE BODY, AND OTHER QUANTITIES WHICH ARE IMPOSSIBLE TO DETERMINE BY ANY OTHER DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQU ...

MANY TYPES OF RADIATION DETECTORS ARE AVAILABLE FOR NUCLEAR PHYSICS RESEARCH. NONE OF THEM HAVE COMBINED CHARACTERISTICS OF EXTREMELY FAST RESPONSE, GOOD ENERGY RESOLUTION, AND ADAPTABLE DETECTOR GEOMETRY. A DETECTOR WITH THESE PROPERTIES COULD PROVIDE THE KEY FOR SIGNIFICANT ADVANCEMENTS IN NUCLEAR PHYSICS RESEARCH. A SILICON-BASED POLYMER THAT HAS HIGHER ATOMIC NUMBER (Z), HIGHER DENSITY THAN OR ...

THIS COUNTRY IS FACING AN EXTREMELY DIFFICULT PROBLEM IN PROVIDING ELECTRIC ENERGY IN SUFFICIENT QUANTITIES FOR THE NEAR FUTURE. THIS PROBLEM IS COMPOUNDED, ON THE ONE HAND, BY THE VERY HIGH COST OF NUCLEAR POWER, THE EXTREMELY LONG APPROVAL AND CONSTRUCTION TIMES, AND THE SHUTTING DOWN OF SEVERAL PLANTS EVEN BEFORE START UP BECAUSE OF THE CONCERNS OF LOCAL CITIZENS. ON THE OTHER HAND, CONVENTIONA ...

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EXISTING INSTRUMENTATION FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF GAS MIXTURES DO NOT PROVIDE THE CAPABILITY FOR REAL-TIME MEASUREMENT OF A BROAD RANGE OF SPECIES AT TRACE (PPB) CONCENTRATION LEVELS. SUCH A CAPABILITY IS IMPORTANT IN MANY APPLICATIONS IN ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH, POLLUTION CONTROL, TOXIC GAS SENSING, AND INDUSTRIAL PROCESS MONITORING. ALTHOUGH SPECIALIZED LASER METHODS HAVE BEEN DEMONSTRATED FOR MEAS ...

AN INSTRUMENT IS UNDER DEVELOPMENT THAT WILL QUANTITATIVELY MEASURE ISOTOPIC RATIOS ON A SOLID OR LIQUID SURFACE OF URANIUM (OR OTHER ELEMENTS). THE INSTRUMENT USES A PULSED ION BEAM AT GRAZING INCIDENCE TO KNOCK SURFACE ATOMS OFF IN BILLIARD BALL TYPE COLLISIONS. SOME OF THESE ATOMS ARE IONIZED AND CAN BE FOCUSED THROUGH A HIGH RESOLUTION TIME-OF-FLIGHT MASS SPECTROMETER. A HIGH DUTY CYCLE ALLOWS ...

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WE DESCRIBE A NOVEL LEAK DETECTOR FOR XENON THAT HAS DIRECT APPLICATION TO TESTING RADIO-ISOTOPE-POWERED THERMOELECTRIC GENERATORS. SUCCESSFUL DEMONSTRATION OF OUR INNOVATION WILL ALLOW IMPROVED EFFICIENCY IN THERMOELECTRIC GENERATORS BY REMOVING THE HELIUM THAT IS NOW ADDED TO THE XENON BUFFERGAS FOR LEAK CHECKING PURPOSES. THE PHASE I RESEARCH PROGRAM WILL PROVIDE THE CRITICAL DESIGN INFORMATION ...