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Open surgical castration is a routine procedure on neonatal boars to prevent the offensive odor known as "boar taint" which is released when meat from affected animals is cooked. Castration produces a predictable incidence of side-effects including stress, hemorrhage, hernia, infection and mortality, which become more prevalent if castration is performed after weaning. Castration also produces a ...

WE PROPOSE TO EXPLOIT DUAL ENERGY X-RAY MEASUREMENT TECH- NIQUE TO QUANTITATIVELY DETERMINE THE PRO PORTIONS OF TWO DIFFERENT MATERIALS IN A FOOD PROCESSING LINE AT CONVEYOR BELT SPEED. THE MAIN PROBLEM WITH A SIMPLECONVENTIONAL X-RAY INSPECTION SYSTEM IS THAT IT REQUIRES KNOWN MATERIAL THICKNESS BETWEEN THE X-RAY SOURCE AND DETEC-TOR ARRAY. OFTEN IT IS VERY DIFFICULT TO OBTAIN KNOWN OR DEFINITIVE ...

Jewelweed has a long history of medicinal use in treatment of poison ivy and other itchingconditions. There is evidence that jewelweed is as effective as currently available systemicsteroids, and that it causes fewer side effects.Commercial development of jewelweed-based skin care products, however, is limited byjewelweed's inconsistent results when applied to affected skin. The inconsistency ap ...

Current designs for rural safety mailboxes combined with a lack of safety design regulations, produce a hazardous situation for errant rural motorists. When impacted, rural mailboxes have been shown to dislodge from their posts and penetrate automobile windshields. In addition, rural residents are faced with a constant maintenance problem from winter snow plows, vandals, and vehicle impacts. A ...

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Cytokines play a key role in the immunobiology of swine, and have the potential to improve themanagement of these animals. The pattern and tissue distribution of inflammatory cytokine expressionmay be indicative of the health or infectious status of the animal. Thus, the development of rapidcytokine tests is necessary to exploit this useful diagnostic information.Cytokines may also play another ...

Phase I research proved the feasibility of EnerTech's Slurry Carbonization technology for economically producing clean and marketable fuels from high-moisture agricultural residues and wastes, especially animal manures. The Slury Carbonization technology effectively transformed low-grade animal residues, through a moderate temperature and pressure carbonization process, into a uniform and especial ...

A major problem in the hardwood lumber industry is the loss of production as the result of theformation of splits, checks, or ring failure during kiln drying. A primary cause of these drying defectsis the degradation of the green lumber as a result of bacterial infection. The optimum drying scheduleis dependent on the initial quality of the green lumber. Unfortunately, it is currently not possi ...

THE LONG TERM OBJECTIVE OF THE RESEARCH IS TWOFOLD: 1) IM- PROVE ACCESS TO INFORMATION ABOUT AGING TO THE ELDERLY AND THEIR FAMILIES AND CAREGIVERS IN RURAL AMERICA, AND 2)CREATEA LARGE TECHNOLOGY BASED COLLECTION OF PUBLICATIONS ON AGINGFOR DISSEMINATION BY RURAL GOVERNMENTS, INSTITUTIONS, AND ORGANIZATIONS. TO MEET THESE GOALS, PHASE I RESEARCH WILL EXPLORE THE FEASIBILITY OF ONE APPROACH USING ...