Award Data

A SAFE, NONTOXIC, NONFLAMMABLE, LOW OZONE-DEPLETING ABSORPTION REFRIGERATION SYSTEM IS BEING DEVELOPED IN THIS PROJECT. THE SYSTEM DELIVERS A RELATIVELY HIGH COEFFICIENT OF PERFORMANCE (COP) IN SMALL SCALE AIR CONDITIONING AND HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS, BUT WITHOUT THE HAZARDS ASSOCIATED WITH AMMONIA. REFRIGERANTS HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED THAT CAN BE USED DIRECTLY IN INHABITED SPACE AND ALSO HAVE THE POTENTIA ...

CONVENTIONAL REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS ARE LIMITED IN SEVERAL RESPECTS: NEITHER VAPOR COMPRESSION NOR ABSORPTION COOLERS ARE EFFICIENT IN SMALL-SCALE UNITS, AND MOST VAPOR COMPRESSION SYSTEMS USE FREONS (CFC'S) THAT ARE HARMFUL TO THE ENVIRONMENT. THERMOELECTRIC COOLERS HAVE BEEN USED IN SMALL SCALE APPLICATIONS, BUT ALSO SUFFER FROM LOW EFFICIENCY. A COOLING DEVICE WHICH OFFERS HIGHER EFFICIENCYIN A ...

REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS FOR SHIPBOARD USE MUST BE EFFICIENT, MECHANICALLY SIMPLE, RELIABLE, SAFE, SMALL, AND LIGHTWEIGHT. CURRENT SYSTEMS MEET ALL OF THESE CRITERIA BUT USE CHLOROFLUROCARBONS (CFCS). THE MANUFACTURE OF CFCS IS BEING PHASED-OUT BECAUSE OF THEIR OZONE-DEPLETION POTENTIAL. TDA RESEARCH, INC. PROPOSES A SAFE, NON-TOXIC, NON-FLAMMABLE, NON-OZONE DEPLETING REFRIGERANT WHICH IS EASILY HAND ...

CHEMICAL HEAT SOURCES HAVE MANY POTENTIAL MILITARY APPLICATIONS. FOR EXAMPLE, AN ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL HAS BEEN DEVELOPED AS A FLAMELESS RATION HEATER. THE OBJECTIVE OF THE PROPOSED WORK IS (1) TO IDENTIFY NEW CHEMICAL HEAT SOURCES AND POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS, AND (2) TO CONDUCT A SYSTEMS ANALYSIS TO DETERMINE THE VALUE OF THE NEW APPROACHES. WE HAVE IDENTIFIED THREE GENERAL AREAS OF CHEMICAL HEAT S ...

AN ADVANCED ABSORBENT HAS BEEN IDENTIFIED FOR SIMULTANEOUSLYREMOVING CARBON DIOXIDE, HUMIDITY, AND HEAT FROM THE GAS STREAM IN AN EXTRAVEHICULAR MOBILITY UNIT (EMU). THIS ABSORBENT ELIMINATES SEVERAL EMU COMPONENTS, REDUCES THE SIZE OF OTHERS, AND MINIMIZES THE MASS AND VOLUME OF THE EMU. IT WILL NOT VAPORIZE AND IS NOT TOXIC. THE SYSTEM STUDIED IS COMPLETELY CLOSED AND REGENERABLE. NO GASES ARE V ...

INCREASINGLY STRINGENT REGULATIONS ARE REQUIRING THE CONTROLOF VERY DILUTE EMISSIONS OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (VOCS). ALTHOUGH CATALYTIC INCINERATION IS BECOMING THE TECHNOLOGY OF CHOICE, ENERGY COSTS AND CATALYST COSTS RISE DRAMATICALLY AS THE VOC DECREASES. ENERGY COSTS COULD BE REDUCED DRAMATICALLY IF CATALYSTS WERE AVAILABLE WHICH WERE ACTIVE AT LOWER TEMPERATURES. TDA RESEARCH (TDA) HAS ...

FULLERENES, A NEW FORM OF CARBON WITH STRUCTURES SIMILAR TO THOSE OF A SOCCER BALL, WERE FIRST PRODUCED IN THE FALL OF 1990. BECAUSE OF THEIR UNIQUE PROPERTIES, MANY PROMISING APPLICATIONS HAVE BEEN SUGGESTED, INCLUDING THREE DIMENSIONAL ORGANIC CONDUCTOR, ORGANIC SUPERCONDUCTOR, SEMICONDUCTOR, HIGH CURRENT DENSITY BATTERY MATERIAL, CATALYST SUPPORT, POLYMER BUILDING BLOCK, AND SORBENT. HOWEVER, N ...

CONTROL OF CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) EMISSIONS FROM THE COMBUSTION OF FOSSIL FUELS MAY BECOME NECESSARY TO MINIMIZE GLOBAL WARMING PRODUCED BY THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT. SEPARATION OF CO2 FROM FLUE GASES WILL INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY AND LOWER THE COST OF PROCESSES TO FIX CO2 CHEMICALLY OR OTHERWISE PREVENT ITS DISCHARGE INTO THE ATMOSPHERE. SUCH A CO2 TRANSPORT SYSTEM MUST OPERATE AT HIGH EFFICIENCY TO MIN ...

LOW DENSITY MICROCELLULAR MATERIALS (LDMMS) ARE CARBON- OR SILICON-BASED POROUS SOLIDS WITH HIGH SPECIFIC SURFACE AREAS. THESE MATERIALS HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED EXTENSIVELY OVER THE LAST DECADE, AND THEY ARE MOVING TOWARD SUBSTANTIAL COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT IN A VARIETY OF APPLICATIONS. AN OPPORTUNITY TO PREPARE NOVEL LDMMS WITH IMPROVED PROPERTIES NOW ARISES WITH THE RECENT DISCOVERY OF FULLERENE CARB ...

THE HEAT LOADS ON BOARD MILITARY AIRCRAFT HAVE HISTORICALLY INCREASED WITH HIGHER MAXIMUM SPEEDS AND GREATER USE OF HEAT GENERATING ELECTRONICS. THE HEAT LOAD IS DISSIPATED BY HEATING THE FUEL PRIOR TO ITS COMBUSTION. TODAY'S AVIATION FUELS, SUCH AS JP8, CAN BE HEATED TO 325 DEGREE F (163OC) WITHOUT SIGNIFICANT DEGRADATION. THIS MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE IS CONSTRAINING THE DESIGN OF FUTURE AIRCRAFT AND ...