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There is a lack of membranes that have been developed specifically for Solar Fuels Generators. The membranes that are available have been developed for electrolyzers and fuel cells but not optimized for solar fuel generators where the requirements are different. Currently companies working on solar fuel generators are using commercially available proton exchange membranes or alkaline exchange memb ...

Quantum technologies, namely quantum computers and quantum communication networks, are becoming a reality. Some of the world’s biggest corporations have initiated research and development programs aimed to achieve quantum technological breakthroughs for real-life applications. It is predicted that these advanced quantum technologies will revolutionize science and information transfer. The main c ...

Atomic structures of biomolecules (e.g., proteins) and biomolecular complexes facilitate detailed understanding of biomolecular function. They are key drivers of the ongoing revolution in molecular biology and of many areas of biotechnology, including development of pharmaceuticals and of enzymes and light harvesters for bioenergy. Most biomolecular structures are determined by X-ray crystallograp ...

Helios Remote Sensing Systems, Inc. will develop innovative cognitive software algorithms and techniques for electronic warfare in order to counter highly agile radar emitters. We will define and develop a concept for cognitive Software Algorithms EW techniques for identifying and countering agile threat emitters. We will also develop prototype signal sets that emulate threat emitters. We will dem ...

Additive manufacturing is steadily advancing towards fulfilling its promise of customized and on-demand production of functional parts. However, performance of as-manufactured parts can differ significantly from the as-designed parts because the as-manufactured geometry differs from the as-designed geometry and the asmanufactured material properties are not known. Attempts to predict performance o ...

Conventional characterization and test methods are increasingly ineffective when applied to structures less than 100 nanometers, causing challenges across R&D, process control and failure analysis. An increasing number of subtle defects become prominent drivers of failure as device size and operating margins decrease, e.g., processing anomalies in thin gate oxides, substrate problems related to do ...

Sensors are required outside the deep subsurface steel pipe casing where carbon dioxide is being stored in order to make essential chemical measurements but this has been difficult in the past because few telemetry systems are available to transmit the sensor data in the cement annulus area outside the casing to the surface. A monitoring system for CO2 deep well storage will promote carbon capture ...

The application of numerical analysis is critical to the effective design and safe operation of complex systems such as aircraft, cars and nuclear reactors. Certain types of analysis codes re- quire meshes that are fully comprised of hexahedral elements. Although there have been decades of research on procedures to generate such meshes, there are currently none that can create high quality, fully ...

We propose to develop the know-how necessary to utilize additive manufacturing (AM) to fabricate hardware having the material and structural characteristics needed to meet exacting high-vacuum requirements of scientific R&D. Additive manufacturing (AM) offers the potential to realize the production of monolithic components while significantly reducing investments of resources including time, effor ...

The deployment of ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) to nuclear-related applications, accelerated by the 2011 Fukushima accident through the Congressionally-mandated Accident-Tolerant Fuel (ATF) program administrated by the Department of Energy, still requires several technical advancements to achieve widespread use in nuclear reactor structures and fuel cladding. Silicon carbide, as part of a SiC m ...