Award Data

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): While there is no doubt smoking is a direct causative factor underlying the development of lung cancer, not every smoker develops lung cancer. In fact, only 10-15% of smokers develop this disease, indicating that otherfactors make certain individuals more susceptible to cancer. A number of single nucleotide polymorphisms are known to correlate with the developm ...

Project Summary Pancreatitis is a significant public health problem accounting for over $ Billion of health care costs annually Approximately one third of patients with acute pancreatitis will go on to have recurrent pancreatitis Of those about will progress to chronic pancreatitis a painful disease with an increased risk of both diabetes and pancreatic cancer More than of people w ...

Project Summary AbstractThe recent rapid expansion of genomic data greatly contributes to the understanding of disease development and progressionTo translate these genetic discoveries into clinical applicationswe need to develop therapeutic platforms that can specifically modulate the expression of disease related genes in vivoSmall RNAssuch as microRNAs and siRNAs function in messenger RNA silen ...

Project SummaryUltrasonic vocalizations (USVs) are known to reflect emotional processing, brain neurochemistry and brain function - key observations in animal model studies. Collecting and processing USV data is time-intensive, manual, and costly. Most importantly, it limits researchers’ ability to employ fully effective, and nuanced experimental designs, and is a barrier to entry for other rese ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Crystallization, followed by subsequent structure determination, is a major step in understanding the structure-function relationship of macromolecules. Understanding macromolecule structure has become a key part in the development of new pharmaceuticals, and is a major area of NIH research. Crystallization however is also the rate limiting step, despite techn ...

Myocardial infarctionsMIor heart attacksischemic strokesISand peripheral artery diseasePADtogether considered cardiovascular diseaseCVDare all commonly caused by the same underlying pathologyatherosclerosisMIs and ISs are the leading causes of death and disability worldwideAtherosclerosis is a progressive pathology that develops asymptomatically over the course of many years as inflammatory plaque ...

ABSTRACT Although arteriovenous fistulae AVFs are the preferred mode of dialysis vascular access over fail to mature in that they do not develop an adequate blood flow or diameter to support hemodialysis This results in a very significant clinical morbidity and economic cost At a pathogenetic level AVF maturation failure is due to a small vessels b bad non laminar hemodynamic pr ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Trichomonas vaginalis is the causative agent of the most common non viral sexually transmitted infection with million new cases reported annually in the world and million cases in the U S In addition to infections of the urogenital tract trichomoniasis increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes and HIV transmission and increases the incidence ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Of all the hundreds of types of synthetic middle ear implants that are used in surgery approximately of these are rejected by the body These include total ossicular replacement prostheses TORPs and partial ossicular replacement prostheses PORPs TORPs are used in general when during surgery it is noted that the malleus incus and stapes are all absen ...

The modern warfighter faces the constant threat of endemic infections, multi-drug resistant bacteria and Biological Warfare Agents. In order to provide accurate front-line treatment that will curtail the overuse of antibiotics, a rapid and robust molecula