Award Data

AbstractIf there were a simple and accurate means totake the pulseof a toothi efunctionally similar to a pulse oximeter that could be clipped on a tooth rather than the tip of a fingerthe quality and cost of dental care would be significantly improvedThe ability to measure dental pulp blood flow provides the most direct means to determine the viability of a tooth and is a vital piece of informatio ...

The overall objective of the proposed research is to develop and conduct clinical translation of a novel visualization technology that provides minimally invasive surgeons the ability to visualize normally invisible internal anatomy together with organ surfacesThe technology addresses a long standing need in minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery to see inside and around a structure before dissec ...

PROJECT SUMMARY The family of Filoviridae consisting of five ebolaviruses and two marburgviruses are causative agents of severe hemorrhagic fever with human case fatality rates ofTheepidemic of Ebola virus disease in West Africa was unprecedented both in geographic scope and size and highlighted the extent of the threat filoviruses could pose to global public health and the urgent need for develop ...

PROJECT SUMMARY Early cancer detection and diagnosis are critical for patient survival and treatment successFor the imaging of breast and other solid tumorsthe diagnostic power of advanced imaging techniques such as SPECT could benefit tremendously from improved contrast agents that rapidly and selectively accumulate in tumor lesions and produce high tumor to background signal ratiosWe are develop ...

Abstract Caveolae at the endothelial cells surface can selectively rapidly and actively pump targeted antibodies out of the bloodstream and into underlying tissue in vivo even when they are conjugated to high molecular weight cargo Based on this exciting recent discovery we also found that caveolae pumping system enables unprecedented tumor specific targeting and penetration Taken together ...

Project Summary Virtual reality games to assess and habilitate auditory spatial awareness Auditory spatial awareness ASA is the critically important skill of using sound to understand extrapersonal space and its content Both explicit sound localization and implicit environmental awareness aspects of ASA contribute to everyday listening effort fatigue and spatial attention Because heari ...

PROJECT SUMMARY While optogenetics is well suited for understanding the dynamic activity of neural circuits the first central theme of the NIH BRAIN Initiative PAR its neurochemical impacts remain largely uncharacterized due to a lack of appropriate tools Given that the predominant mode of cellular interactions is neurochemical commercial development of such tools will fulfill the ...

PROJECT SUMMARY The process of drug discovery is costly and many promising compounds fail during clinical trials By then expenses upward of $ million dollars per failed drug may have incurred and these financial risks hamper research efforts and ultimately reduce the availability of treatment options In this research proposal we are using systematic approaches to map the relationships be ...

DESCRIPTIONprovided by applicantPain management is a significant unmet medical needAnandamide is an endocannabinoid mediator that plays important roles in the regulation of painPrevious work has shown that endocannabinoid receptors located outside the central nervous systemCNSexert a powerful regulatory control over pain initiationThe biological actions of anandamide are stopped by the enzymefatty ...

Antimicrobial resistance is a major public health problem worldwide Neisseria gonorrhoeae Ng the causative agent of the sexually transmitted infection gonorrhea has become multidrug resistant and has achieved superbug status Novel therapeutics against Ng are urgently needed Complement C is a key arm of innate immune defenses A mechanism used by several pathogens including Ng to esca ...