Award Data

Near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) is a powerful and unique approach to characterize the chemical, physical and potentially biochemical properties of materials with the nanometer scale resolution in real-time. A key element for NSOM systems that combine optical spectroscopy with scanning probe microscopy, is the actual probe itself. While many commercial vendors offer off-the-shelf meta ...

Near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) is a powerful and unique approach to characterize the chemical, physical and potentially biochemical properties of materials with the nanometer scale resolution in real-time. A key element for NSOM systems that combine optical spectroscopy with scanning probe microscopy, is the actual probe itself. While many commercial vendors offer off-the-shelf meta ...

Replacement of petroleum based vehicles with fuel cell electric vehicles operating on hydrogen produced from domestically available resources would dramatically decrease emissions of greenhouse gases and other pollutants as well as reduce dependence on oil from politically volatile regions of the world. One major inhibitor to a hydrogen society is the lack of infrastructure, which requires hydroge ...

Second generation high temperature superconductors BC50offer potential benefits for many electric power applications, including those that require filamentizated conductors with low ac loss, such as transformers and fault current limiters. However, the use of 2G wire in these applications requires the development of both novel multi-filamentary conductor designs with lower ac losses and advanced ...

Some Generation IV nuclear reactor designs call for the employment of high reactor core temperatures, in order to improve the thermodynamic efficiency of the power generation and efficiently produce process heat. Materials are required that are capable of sustaining temperatures approaching 1000C and also are stable in a high radiation environment. The outer containment of the control rod materi ...

Advanced modeling and simulation software, such as the Uintah Computational Framework (Uintah), has been developed in the US, through significant funding by the Department of Energy Office of Advanced Scientific Computing, but has been underutilized by US industry. We will leverage Uintah for commercial simulation of industrial flares on publicly available HPC facilities, and we will further devel ...

Large size diffraction-grade diamond is needed for high scientific impact applications at synchrotron and Free-Electron Laser (FEL) X-ray sources, stemming from diamond’s unique physical properties in low atomic number and extremely high thermal diffusivity Sufficiently large diffraction-grade diamond crystals, similar in crystalline quality to that of silicon, are required for the fabrication o ...

The cost of high power RF sources exceeds available funding for several large accelerator systems. The ILC, for example, will require more than 700 multiple beam klystrons. The complexity of the klystron currently requires hundreds of individually machined parts, in addition to tens of bonding processes. The high cost is preventing construction of new accelerator systems. Calabazas Creek Research ...

A number of simulataneous trends (ever-increasing network speeds and throughput, escalating sophistication of attacks, regulatory initiatives, and integration of networks within and without the enterprise) can cause both bottlenecks and quality-of-service degradation within the firewalls of computing systems used by the DOE and large corporations. This project will develop an advanced, scalable, ...

Many energy conversion and transfer processes critically depend on the material nanostructure details and its response to external excitation fields Surface and volume defect formation and migration have a profound impact on the opto-electro-thermo-mechanical properties of materials Understanding these processes requires a unique combination of advanced atomic-scale imaging with controlled nanosca ...