Award Data

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Localized infection is a frequent complication of chronic wounds that interferes with the healing process and can lead to systemic infection, limb amputation, or death. Compounding the problem is an inability of the clinician to accurately detect localized infection by clinical observation, which is still the primary diagnostic method. This is because the usual ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Human periodontal disease is a chronic condition that results from bacterial infection of the gingival and the associated inflammatory response. Recent studies estimate that between 35 to 45% of adults in the US have chronic periodontitis, with up to 90% having some form of periodontal disease. In addition to pain, discomfort, and tooth and oral bone damage, pe ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant) An inexpensive disposable sensing element that is worn as a vapor exposure monitor or used for urinalysis is proposed for real-time monitoring of pesticide exposure. This sensor, coupled to a battery operated reader, is a direct need for the NIH Exposure Biology Program and has the potential for detect other exposures as well. The sensor is based on Surfa ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The development of a new technology for reagentless multiplexed determination of protein concentrations in clinical and biological samples is proposed. The proposed approach employs nanotubes with molecular sized openings embedded within a mechanical and chemically robust polymeric membrane. We propose that a microarray may be constructed using these membranes ...

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DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Voice Gestures (VG) is an application that gives AAC users the ability to say what they want to say in a way they choose to say it. VG gives AAC users the means to control how their voice sounds to others, thereby establishing themselves as people with distinct personalities as perceived through their speech, in the manner of people with normal vocal capabiliti ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Soft x-ray microscopy shows enormous promise as a technique for imaging cellular structures at resolutions well beyond what can be achieved in optical microscopes, and with much simpler sample preparation than is required for electron microscopy. In addition, the lower radiation dose required (compared to electron microscopy) allows tomographic investigation of ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A Compact Soft X-Ray Microbeam Facility for Small Laboratories: Radiation due natural and manmade sources is ubiquitous; research into its effects -- both harmful and beneficial -- is a major component of the mission of the NIH and related health agencies. Radiobiological microbeams are facilities able to deliver precise radiation insults to individual cells ( ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The genesis of cancer involves several genetic changes that culminate in uncontrolled cellular proliferation. Importantly, there is evidence that splice variants of certain genes, and their respective ratios are significantly changed in the cancerous state. However, one of the major obstacles in elucidating the significance of cancer-associated splice variants ...

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The current need for routine measurement CD4+ cell counts of HIV-infected individual's is immense. Currently, the cost of CD4+ counting is a major issue (especially) in resource-poor environments, where the infection rates are highest. Cost of obtaining an accurate CD4+ count is not the only barrier to routine CD4+ monitoring in resource poor settings. Personn ...