Award Data

As progress in quantum information and computation leads to various ground-breaking technologies, there is a need for developing protocols to integrate systems to form quantum networks. The largest bottleneck for quantum networking is optical loss, which reduces quantum information fidelity and occurs at the component and system- level interconnects. Developing ultra-low loss interconnects is crit ...

C55-01b-270447-AbstractAs device designs become more complex and incorporate new, advanced technologies and materials, accurate simulations of multi-physics phenomenology become critical to ensuring that such design and analysis efforts are successful. The diversity of problems of interest to the Department of Energy (DOE) and wider audiences includes examples such as electric motor/generator desi ...

C55-05a-270492-AbstractChemical reactions are rarely performed in isolation. Most real-world applications involve chemical reaction networks in which many simultaneous chemical reactions of many species occur. Advances in high-performance computer simulations and laboratory automation provide an increasingly detailed picture of these chemical reaction networks, but the underlying representation in ...

Superconducting and photonic qubits are the leading platforms for quantum computation, now and for the foreseeable future, and will provide essential functionality to large-scale quantum networks. To achieve this, techniques are needed to coherently convert between the microwave states used by the qubits and optical states required for long-distance communication, a conversion that needs to occur ...

Circular dichroism and its temporal evolution is critical in understanding conformational dynamics of biomolecules, chemical reactions, and the electronic structure of quantum materials. In the emerging fields of quantum computing and spintronics, chiral phenomena such as electron spin can be exploited leading to advances in data storage and transfer efficiency, cryptography, computational biology ...

C55-01b-270620Infrastructure systems such as electricity distribution and transmission grids, transportation networks, and water or oil/gas distribution pipelines are critical from an economic and national security standpoint. Expedited risk quantification of infrastructure network systems is of utmost importance for resiliency assessment against natural or man-made hazards. Currently available te ...

Coarse mode aerosol are an understudied but potentially important component of urban aerosols that affect climate and human health. They are highly relevant to DOE’s interest in improving understanding and resiliency related to climate change impacts on urban areas. Coarse mode aerosol can vary spatially and temporally over urban landscapes due to the large range of coarse mode aerosol emission ...

Tire tread wear is the leading cause of pollution from cars - over 1000x larger than engine exhaust. Tires on electric cars wear out 20% faster on average because of increased torque and weight, so the impact of tire pollution will grow in significance as electric vehicles continue to grow in popularity. Simulation tools used for other aspects of tire and automotive design cannot accurately predic ...

C55-01b-270667-AbstractThe world has started to transition to using hybrid-energy systems. As this transition progresses, many companies have started to re-purpose existing, aging assets. This re-purposing of aging assets can be prominently seen in the areas of biofuels processing and in hydrogen and carbon dioxide transmission pipelines. A core issue with repurposing aging assets lies in the ofte ...

C55-08a-270680-AbstractTo enable exploration of atomic and molecular systems at the angstrom/femtosecond scales for interferometry and X-ray quantum science, few to tens MHz repetition rate XFELs can be utilized to pump and seed a cavity based X-ray oscillator. In this approach, an XFEL pulse (5-10 keV) serves as a pump, creating population inversion in a solid medium and resulting in highly coher ...