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Project Summary Unprotected receptive anal intercourse (RAI) is the sexual behavior with the highest per-act risk of HIV acquisition, conferring 10 to 20 times more risk than unprotected vaginal intercourse. We are developing an antiviral rectal rinse (enema) using a novel HIV entry inhibitor, the lectin Griffithsin (GRFT), because there is a lack of on-demand antiviral HIV prevention products tha ...

PARP inhibitors PARPi are particularly efficacious in tumors deficient in the BRCA tumor suppressor genes but of limited activity in BRCA competent tumors There is an unmet medical need to develop targeted therapeutic agents which will augment PARPi activity for BRCA wild type cancers and to increase chemo radiosensitivity in these malignancies BRCA proteins are essential components ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Development of novel lung cancer therapeutics targeting the DNA damage response Abstract Lung tissue is constantly exposed to a wide variety of inhaled chemical agents While the majority of these maybe innocuous those that damage DNA have severe consequences Thus the DNA damage response DDR and DNA repair in these tissues is extremely important The vast ...

Project Summary/Abstract Transcriptomic-based approaches, and in recent years, single-cell RNA sequencing, are revolutionizing our understanding of cellular heterogeneity, opening up a new route to identify novel cell markers at unprecedented scale across many different cell types. ​RNA-based live-cell sorting opens up andgt;99% of the marker space to enable higher specificity cell sorting. Howe ...

PROJECT SUMMARY Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a malignant disease of hematopoietic precursor cells in the bone marrow, is one of the most common cancers in adults accounting for 1% of all cancers. AML is typically diagnosed later in life with individuals 60 and older having a long-term survival rate of merely 5-15%. Cytogenic analysis of the abnormal cells at the time of diagnosis has proven to be ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant The goal of this research is to develop a ligand product and facile method to use it to target FDA approved liposomal anticancer drugs to cancer stem cells that overexpress CD We have devised a highly efficient chemo enzymatic synthesis of a hyaluronan lipid HA lipid ligand and have teamed with ZoneOne Pharma to develop a simple and robust micelle transfer ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Continuous biochemical monitoring has the power to change currently accepted standards of care shifting the emphasis from treating illness to maintaining health Point in time snapshots of a patientandapos s health can miss critical fluctuations or early warning signs that might warrant early interventions or changes in disease treatment and management PROFUS ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Insulin resistance IR also known as metabolic syndrome is tied to obesity and is associated with numerous modern health problems including the growing problems of type diabetes and cardiovascular disease The growing health economic and social burdens of these conditions calls for the need to develop drug treatments for IR We know from multiple lines of ...

PROJECT SUMMARY There is an urgent need for the development of new approaches to treat patients suffering from Ulcerative Colitis (UC), which is estimated to impact approximately one million adults in the United States, leading to morbidity, heightened risk of cancer, and mortality. In multiple preclinical studies, we and others have defined the therapeutic potential of low-dose exogenous carbon m ...

DESCRIPTION provided by applicant Adeno associated virus AAV is a non pathogenic human parvovirus and recombinant AAV vectors have gained significant attention owing to their safety and in some cases clinical efficacy in a number of Phase I II clinical trials However relatively large vector doses are needed to achieve clinical efficacy and such high doses can lead to host immune respon ...